Publicação: Sodium and chloride requirements of young broiler chickens fed corn-soybean diets (one to twenty-one days of age)
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Sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) nutritional requirements, dietary electrolyte balance (DEB), and their effects on acid-base balance, litter moisture, and tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) incidence for young broiler chickens were evaluated in two trials. One-day-old Cobb broilers were distributed in a completely randomized design with six treatments, five replicates, and 50 birds per experimental unit. Treatments used in both experiments were a basal diet with 0.10% Na+ (Experiment 1) or Cl- (Experiment 2) supplemented to result in diets with Na+ or Cl- levels of 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25 ,0.30, or 0.35%, respectively. In Experiment 1, results indicated an optimum Na+ requirement of 0.26%. Sodium levels caused a linear increase in arterial blood gas parameters, indicating an alkalogenic effect of Na+. The hypertrophic area of growth plate in the proximal tibiotarsi decreased with Na+ levels. The TD incidence decreased with increases in dietary Na+. Litter moisture increased linearly with sodium levels. In Experiment 2, the Cl- requirement was estimated as 0.25%. Chloride levels caused a quadratic effect (P ≤ 0.01) on blood gas parameters, with an estimated equilibrium [blood base excess (BE) = 0] at 0.30% of dietary CT-. No Cl- treatment effects (P ≥ 0.05) were observed on litter moisture or TD incidence. The best DEB for maximum performance was 298 to 315 mEq/kg in Experiment 1 and 246 to 264 mEq/kg in Experiment 2. We concluded that the Na+ and Cl- requirements for optimum performance of young broiler chickens were 0.28 and 0.25%, respectively.
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Acid-base balance, Chloride, Sodium, Tibial dyschondroplasia, chloride, sodium, acid base balance, animal, animal disease, animal food, bird disease, blood gas analysis, chicken, chondrodysplasia, electrolyte balance, growth, development and aging, incidence, maize, male, nutritional requirement, physiology, soybean, tibia, Acid-Base Equilibrium, Animal Feed, Animals, Blood Gas Analysis, Chickens, Chlorides, Incidence, Male, Nutritional Requirements, Osteochondrodysplasias, Poultry Diseases, Soybeans, Tibia, Water-Electrolyte Balance, Zea mays
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Poultry Science, v. 80, n. 5, p. 592-598, 2001.
