Produção de juvenis de Pseudoplatystoma coruscans (Agassiz, 1829) com dietas vivas e formuladas
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Data
2006-09-04
Autores
Ayres, Thomaz Jordão de Sousa [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar diferentes fontes e manejos alimentares para a produção de larvas e juvenis de pintado em sistema intensivo, utilizando-se dietas vivas e formuladas. Com as informações de desempenho e sobrevivência obtidas, foi realizada uma análise econômica para as etapas de larvicultura e de treinamento alimentar dos juvenis. O experimento foi dividido em duas etapas. Na primeira, foram realizados dois tratamentos que variaram de acordo com o tipo de alimento vivo fornecido para as larvas de pintado: náuplios de Artemia (Na) ou plâncton selvagem (Ps). Os resultados de peso (Na= 0,0972g; Ps= O,Ol56g), sobrevivência (Na= 27,48%; Ps= 1,94%) e da análise econômica mostraram que os náuplios de Artemia são mais eficientes para a alimentação inicial das larvas de pintado. Na segunda etapa foram testados: duas fontes de alimento vivo (náuplios de Artemia - tratamento NaCo - ou larvas forrageiras - tratamento PxCo), juntamente com treinamento alimentar em que foram fornecidas misturas contendo coração bovino e dieta formulada; alimentação exclusiva com quantidades crescentes de náuplios de Artemia (tratamento Na+); e dietas formuladas secas ou úmidas. Os resultados de desempenho, taxa de canibalismo e taxa de mortalidade mostraram a necessidade e a eficiência do treinamento alimentar para os juvenis de pintado. O peso e o comprimento dos animais treinados foi estatisticamente maior (P<0,05) do que os apresentados pelos animais que não passaram por esse processo. A sobrevivência observada nos juvenis que receberam exclusivamente náuplios até o fim do experimento (Na+= 89%) foi superior aos demais tratamentos; porém, o mesmo não foi observado com o crescimento. A taxa de canibalismo observada (Na+= 4,42%) mostrou que o fornecimento exclusivo de náuplios...
The present study had the objective to evaluate different feeding techniques in the production of larvae and juvenile of spotted surubin in an intensive system, utilizing live and formulated diets. An economic analysis was done for each phase of the experiment with the information gathered on performance and survival. The experiment was divided in two phases. The first phase consisted of two treatments, which varied accordingly to the type of live diet supplied to the spotted surubin larvae: Artemia nauplii (Na) or wild plankton (Ps). The results of weight (Na = 0.0972g; Ps = 0.0156g), survival (Na = 27.48%; Ps = 1.94%) and the economic analysis showed that the Artemia nauplii is more efficient as live diet for spotted surubin larvae. The second phase tested two types of live diet plus feed training, Artemia nauplii (NaCo treatment) and foraging larvae (PxCo treatment); increasing quantities of Artemia nauplii (Na+ treatment); and abrupt weaning to formulated diet containing different moisture levels. The results on performance, cannibalism rate and mortality rate showed the need of efficiency on feed training of the spotted surubin juvenile. The weight and the length of the trained animals were statistically higher (P<0.05) than the animals that did not undergo feed training. The survival rate observed with juveniles that received exclusively nauplii until the end of the experiment (Na+ = 89%) was higher than the other treatments; however, the growth was not satisfactory. ln the same treatment (Na+), the rate of cannibalism observed (Na+ = 4.42%) showed that the exclusive supply of nauplii provided a uniform growth between the juveniles, diminishing the chances of cannibalism. The profit obtained with the sale of the animals (classified by the total length and... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The present study had the objective to evaluate different feeding techniques in the production of larvae and juvenile of spotted surubin in an intensive system, utilizing live and formulated diets. An economic analysis was done for each phase of the experiment with the information gathered on performance and survival. The experiment was divided in two phases. The first phase consisted of two treatments, which varied accordingly to the type of live diet supplied to the spotted surubin larvae: Artemia nauplii (Na) or wild plankton (Ps). The results of weight (Na = 0.0972g; Ps = 0.0156g), survival (Na = 27.48%; Ps = 1.94%) and the economic analysis showed that the Artemia nauplii is more efficient as live diet for spotted surubin larvae. The second phase tested two types of live diet plus feed training, Artemia nauplii (NaCo treatment) and foraging larvae (PxCo treatment); increasing quantities of Artemia nauplii (Na+ treatment); and abrupt weaning to formulated diet containing different moisture levels. The results on performance, cannibalism rate and mortality rate showed the need of efficiency on feed training of the spotted surubin juvenile. The weight and the length of the trained animals were statistically higher (P<0.05) than the animals that did not undergo feed training. The survival rate observed with juveniles that received exclusively nauplii until the end of the experiment (Na+ = 89%) was higher than the other treatments; however, the growth was not satisfactory. ln the same treatment (Na+), the rate of cannibalism observed (Na+ = 4.42%) showed that the exclusive supply of nauplii provided a uniform growth between the juveniles, diminishing the chances of cannibalism. The profit obtained with the sale of the animals (classified by the total length and... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Peixe - Larva, Alimentos vivos para animais, Alimentos artificiais, Juvenis - Alimentação, Pseudoplatystoma corruscans, Larviculture, Feed training, Artificial diet
Como citar
AYRES, Thomaz Jordão de Sousa. Produção de juvenis de Pseudoplatystoma coruscans (Agassiz, 1829) com dietas vivas e formuladas. 2006. vi, 60 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Centro de Aqüicultura, 2006.