Atividade física e doença de Parkinson: mudança de comportamento, auto-eficácia e barreiras percebidas
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Data
2006-04-05
Autores
Hirayama, Marcio Sussumu [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A população com doença de Parkinson (DP) convive com um distúrbio neurodegenerativo, crônico e progressivo que mesmo com uma terapia farmacológica ótima, não vê cessar o seu agravamento. A prática de atividades físicas (AF) é uma medida sustentável necessária para atingir os objetivos do seu tratamento, e atender as demandas atuais da saúde pública. O hábito de praticar atividade física é melhor abordada por meio de modelos teóricos da mudança do comportamento. O presente estudo objetivou analisar os fatores associados à prática de atividades físicas em parkinsonianos, utilizando o Modelo Transteorético e a Teoria Cognitivo-Social. A pesquisa foi de delineamento transversal do tipo descritivo correlacional. Participaram do estudo 65 indivíduos (de ambos os gêneros; com 66 l 9 anos de idade) diagnosticados com DP, vinculados aos serviços de saúde do município de Rio Claro e região ou à Associação Brasil-Parkinson situada na cidade de São Paulo. Foi utilizado um questionário composto por: dados pessoais, nível da gravidade da doença, estágios de mudança do comportamento, auto-eficácia, preferências em relação à prática de atividade física e barreiras percebidas. A interpretação dos resultados permitiu concluir que as variáveis da teoria cognitivo-social (auto-eficácia e percepção de barreiras) são potenciais mediadores da prática de AF em parkinsonianos. Além disso, eles já mantêm ou cogitam praticar AF regularmente; estão em média confiantes que podem superar algumas barreiras; percebem barreiras principalmente no domínio físico (bradicinesias, perda do equilíbrio, acinesias, rigidez muscular, ter uma doença, tremores, medo de cair), seguido pelo domínio da motivação (preguiça) e domínio ambiental (falta de companhia, clima ruim); seus tipos de AF preferidas são a caminhada...
The population with Parkinson's disease (PD) faces a neurodegenerative, chronic and progressive disturbance, which even under an optimum pharmacological therapy it does not cease its aggravation. The practice of physical activities (PA) is a necessary and sustainable strategy that contributes for attaining both the treatment goals, and meeting the current demands of the public health. The habit of exercising is better approached by behavior change theoretical models. The present study aims to analyze the correlates of PA practice in Parkinson's disease patients, based on the Transtheoretical Model and the Social Cognitive Theory. It was a cross-sectional and descriptivecorrelational research design. Sixty-five individuals (both gender; 66 l 9 yearold) with diagnosis of PD; under medical treatment; living at Rio Claro or São Paulo city and their surrounding areas and; being affiliated or not to Brazil-Parkinson Association. A questionnaire comprising personal data, disease severity level, behavior change stage, self-efficacy, preferences and perceived barriers regarding the practice of PA, was applied. Data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and mostly by the Spearman correlation test. The results interpretation allowed concluding that the Social Cognitive Theory variables (self-efficacy and perceived barriers) are potential mediators of PA in Parkinson's disease patients. Besides, they are already intending to or actually practicing PA on a regular basis; on average, they are confident that they are able to overcome some barriers; they perceive barriers mainly those in the physical domain ( bradikinesias, balance loss, akinesias, muscular rigidity, have a disease, tremors, fear of falling), followed by those in the motivation domain (laziness) and third, those in the environmental domain... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
The population with Parkinson's disease (PD) faces a neurodegenerative, chronic and progressive disturbance, which even under an optimum pharmacological therapy it does not cease its aggravation. The practice of physical activities (PA) is a necessary and sustainable strategy that contributes for attaining both the treatment goals, and meeting the current demands of the public health. The habit of exercising is better approached by behavior change theoretical models. The present study aims to analyze the correlates of PA practice in Parkinson's disease patients, based on the Transtheoretical Model and the Social Cognitive Theory. It was a cross-sectional and descriptivecorrelational research design. Sixty-five individuals (both gender; 66 l 9 yearold) with diagnosis of PD; under medical treatment; living at Rio Claro or São Paulo city and their surrounding areas and; being affiliated or not to Brazil-Parkinson Association. A questionnaire comprising personal data, disease severity level, behavior change stage, self-efficacy, preferences and perceived barriers regarding the practice of PA, was applied. Data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and mostly by the Spearman correlation test. The results interpretation allowed concluding that the Social Cognitive Theory variables (self-efficacy and perceived barriers) are potential mediators of PA in Parkinson's disease patients. Besides, they are already intending to or actually practicing PA on a regular basis; on average, they are confident that they are able to overcome some barriers; they perceive barriers mainly those in the physical domain ( bradikinesias, balance loss, akinesias, muscular rigidity, have a disease, tremors, fear of falling), followed by those in the motivation domain (laziness) and third, those in the environmental domain... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Esporte - Aspectos psicológicos, Atividade física, Parkinson, Doença de, Parkinsons disease, Physical activity
Como citar
HIRAYAMA, Marcio Sussumu. Atividade física e doença de Parkinson: mudança de comportamento, auto-eficácia e barreiras percebidas. 2006. xi, 121 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, 2006.