Acúmulo de forragem verde, extração de nutrientes e valor nutricional do capim-xaraés adubado com nitrogênio
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2010-12-10
Autores
Faria, Ana Flávia Gouveia de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Com este trabalho objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da adubação nitrogenada no acúmulo de forragem verde, na extração de nutrientes e no valor nutricional da Brachiaria brizantha cv. xaraés, sob pastejo de bovinos. O experimento foi conduzido no Instituto de Zootecnia, Nova Odessa-SP, de setembro de 2009 a junho de 2010. Foram avaliados oito ciclos de pastejo, seis no período chuvoso e dois no período seco. Os tratamentos foram seis doses de N, 0, 125, 250, 375, 500 e 625 kg ha-1, parceladas em cinco vezes no período das chuvas, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. A fonte de N foi a uréia. Foram avaliados o acúmulo de forragem verde, a extração e a recuperação aparente de N, a extração de P, K, Ca, Mg e S, as características bromatológicas e a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca. Os máximos acúmulos de forragem verde no período chuvoso (19.743 kg ha-1) e o total (24.934 kg ha-1) foram obtidos com 500 e 493 kg ha-1 de N, mas 250 kg ha-1 de N são suficientes para atingir 92% do máximo. As extrações máximas de N, no período chuvoso e total anual foram de 300 e 375 kg ha-1, respectivamente, e a recuperação aparente de N diminuiu com o aumento das doses, mas foi baixa em todo período, variando de 19,9 a 31,9%. A adubação nitrogenada aumentou os teores de proteína bruta nas lâminas, e nos colmos + bainhas. A fibra em detergente ácido e a lignina aumentaram com as doses de N, e a digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca não foi alterada pela adubação nitrogenada.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of nitrogen fertilization on nutritional value, chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility of Brachiaria brizantha cv. xaraés, under cattle grazing. The experiment was carried out at the Instituto de Zootecnia, Nova Odessa-SP, from September 2009 to June 2010. Eight grazing cycles were six evaluated, six in the rainy and two in the dry season. The treatments were N rates (0, 125, 250, 375, 500 and 625 kg ha-1) in a randomized block design with four replicates. N source was urea. Green forage accumulation and nitrogen uptake and apparent N recovery, P, K, Ca, Mg and S uptake, nutritional value and in vitro dry matter digestibility were evaluated. Maximum (19,743 kg ha-1) and total green forage accumulation (24,934 kg ha-1) during the rainy season were obtained with 500 and 493 kg ha-1 N, respectively, but 250 kg ha-1 N are sufficient to achieve 92% of maximum green forage accumulation. Maximum N uptake in the rainy season and the total were 300 and 375 kg ha-1 N, respectively. Apparent N recovery decreased with N rates increasing, but it was low throughout the period, ranging from 19.9 to 31.9%. N fertilization increased the crude protein content in the leaf blades and stems + sheaths. Acid detergent fiber and lignin increased with N rates. In vitro dry matter digestibility was not affected by N fertilization.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of nitrogen fertilization on nutritional value, chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility of Brachiaria brizantha cv. xaraés, under cattle grazing. The experiment was carried out at the Instituto de Zootecnia, Nova Odessa-SP, from September 2009 to June 2010. Eight grazing cycles were six evaluated, six in the rainy and two in the dry season. The treatments were N rates (0, 125, 250, 375, 500 and 625 kg ha-1) in a randomized block design with four replicates. N source was urea. Green forage accumulation and nitrogen uptake and apparent N recovery, P, K, Ca, Mg and S uptake, nutritional value and in vitro dry matter digestibility were evaluated. Maximum (19,743 kg ha-1) and total green forage accumulation (24,934 kg ha-1) during the rainy season were obtained with 500 and 493 kg ha-1 N, respectively, but 250 kg ha-1 N are sufficient to achieve 92% of maximum green forage accumulation. Maximum N uptake in the rainy season and the total were 300 and 375 kg ha-1 N, respectively. Apparent N recovery decreased with N rates increasing, but it was low throughout the period, ranging from 19.9 to 31.9%. N fertilization increased the crude protein content in the leaf blades and stems + sheaths. Acid detergent fiber and lignin increased with N rates. In vitro dry matter digestibility was not affected by N fertilization.
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Palavras-chave
Forragem, Brachiaria brizantha, Adubação nitrogenada, Valor nutricional, Forage, Brachiaria brizantha, Nitrogen fertilization, nutritional value
Como citar
FARIA, Ana Flávia Gouveia de. Acúmulo de forragem verde, extração de nutrientes e valor nutricional do capim-xaraés adubado com nitrogênio. 2010. ix, 71 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2010.