Caracterização de fibras de milho e sua incorporação em barras de cereais
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Data
2011-09-30
Autores
Rocha, Camila Mattos [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente estudo objetivou determinar as características químicas e as frações componentes de fibras de milho, extraídas em laboratório (FL) e em processo industrial (FI) e elaborar barras de cereais adicionadas desta fibra com o propósito de agregar valor ao co-produto. A caracterização química foi realizada através de análises de umidade, cinzas, proteína, lipídeos, carboidratos disponíveis, Fibra em Detergente Neutro (FDN), Fibra em Detergente Ácido (FDA), hemicelulose, celulose, lignina, fibra alimentar total, insolúvel e solúvel. Os produtos analisados diferiram significativamente ao nível de 5% quanto às frações de fibra alimentar (FDN e FDA). FL deteve o maior percentual de lignina. O percentual de hemicelulose foi maior que o de celulose e lignina nos dois tipos, havendo predomínio da fração insolúvel da fibra. Análises microbiológicas da FI mostraram que o produto encontra-se dentro dos limites permitidos pela legislação. Foram produzidas barras de cereais adicionadas de 10, 20 e 30% de fibra de milho industrial (FM) com e sem forneamento (C/ e S/FN), e estas submetidas à analises físico-químicas, microbiológicas e sensorial. As barras com 20 e 30% FM S/FN foram as mais densas (0,7 g/cm3) e a que apresentou maior volume específico foi com 10% FM C/FN (1,7 cm3/g). Com o aumento dos percentuais de fibra observou-se a diminuição do volume das barras. A atividade de água ficou na faixa de 0,5 e o pH, variou entre 4,7 e 5,0, mostrando baixa acidez dos produtos. A luminosidade (L*) ficou entre 42,8 e 51,0, aumentando conforme o aumento do percentual de fibra. Quanto às cromaticidades, as amostras apresentaram valores positivos de a* e b*. A tonalidade cromática (H*) variou de...
The current study focused on determining the chemical characteristics and the fractional components of corn fibers, extracted in laboratory (FL) and industrial processing (FI) and producing cereal bars made from corn fiber intended to add value to the co-product. Chemical characterization was performed through the analyses of humidity, ashes, protein, lipids, available carbohydrates, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, total dietary fiber, insoluble and soluble. The products analyzed were significantly different at 5% of the fractions of dietary fiber (NDF and ADF). FL had the highest percentage of lignin. The percentage of hemicellulose was higher than that of cellulose and lignin in two types, with predominance of insoluble fiber. Microbiological analysis showed that (IF) the product is within the limits allowed by law. Cereal bars were produced adding 10, 20 and 30% of corn fiber (CF) with and without heating (W/ and W/O HE), and those submitted to physical-chemical, microbiological and sensory analyses. The bars with 20 and 30% CF and W/O HE, were the most dense (0.7 g/cm 3 ), that showed the highest specific volume was with 10% CF W/ HE, (1.7 cm 3 /g). With the increase in the percentage of fiber, the volume of the bars decreased. Water activity was in the range of 0.5, and pH ranged between 4.7 and 5.0, showing low acidity of the products. The lightness (L*) was between 42.8 and 51.0, increasing as the increase in the percentage of fiber. As for the chromaticity, the samples showed positive values of a* and b*. The hue (H*) varied from 68.1 to 71.5, noting the tendency toward yellow. In relation to the chroma (C*), in bars W/ HE, as you increase the percentage of fibers, the value of C* decreases in bars; in bars W/O HE, with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The current study focused on determining the chemical characteristics and the fractional components of corn fibers, extracted in laboratory (FL) and industrial processing (FI) and producing cereal bars made from corn fiber intended to add value to the co-product. Chemical characterization was performed through the analyses of humidity, ashes, protein, lipids, available carbohydrates, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, total dietary fiber, insoluble and soluble. The products analyzed were significantly different at 5% of the fractions of dietary fiber (NDF and ADF). FL had the highest percentage of lignin. The percentage of hemicellulose was higher than that of cellulose and lignin in two types, with predominance of insoluble fiber. Microbiological analysis showed that (IF) the product is within the limits allowed by law. Cereal bars were produced adding 10, 20 and 30% of corn fiber (CF) with and without heating (W/ and W/O HE), and those submitted to physical-chemical, microbiological and sensory analyses. The bars with 20 and 30% CF and W/O HE, were the most dense (0.7 g/cm 3 ), that showed the highest specific volume was with 10% CF W/ HE, (1.7 cm 3 /g). With the increase in the percentage of fiber, the volume of the bars decreased. Water activity was in the range of 0.5, and pH ranged between 4.7 and 5.0, showing low acidity of the products. The lightness (L*) was between 42.8 and 51.0, increasing as the increase in the percentage of fiber. As for the chromaticity, the samples showed positive values of a* and b*. The hue (H*) varied from 68.1 to 71.5, noting the tendency toward yellow. In relation to the chroma (C*), in bars W/ HE, as you increase the percentage of fibers, the value of C* decreases in bars; in bars W/O HE, with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Milho - Industria, Milho - Fibras, Cereais como alimento, Moagem úmida, Barra de cereal, Fibra alimentar, Corn - Fibers, Wet milling
Como citar
ROCHA, Camila Mattos. Caracterização de fibras de milho e sua incorporação em barras de cereais. 2011. 82 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2011.