Impacto das condições climáticas sobre a etiologia das bacteremias nosocomiais no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu-UNESP
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2013-08-02
Autores
Caldeira, Sílvia Maria [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Estudos recentes identificaram comportamento sazonal de alguns microrganismos implicados na etiologia das Infecções Hospitalares ou Relacionadas à Assistência em Saúde (IH/IRAS). A maior parte desses estudos foi conduzida em países de clima temperado. Para identificar a sazonalidade de patógenos hospitalares em uma região tropical, nós conduzimos um estudo ecológico e um caso-controle, envolvendo hemoculturas positivas de presumível origem hospitalar (colhidas após o terceiro dia de internação) do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu no período de 2005 a 2010. O estudo foi realizado em duas fases. No estudo ecológico, foram realizadas: (a) comparações de incidência de bacteremias por microrganimos ou grupos específicos em meses “quentes/úmidos” (outubro-março) e “frios/secos” (abril a setembro); (b) análise de regressão para identificar relação entre temperatura e umidade médias e incidência mensal de bacteremias; (c) análise de séries temporais para identificação de sazonalidade.No “casocontrole”, foram abordados fatores climáticos (temperatura e umidade médias dos sete dias que precederam a coleta de cada hemocultura) para identificar preditores do isolamento de microrganismos e grupos específicos, em modelo de regressão logística. Os resultados demonstraram consistência entre as diversas abordagens, identificando para três grupos (Gram-negativos como um todo, Acinetobacter baumannii e Enterobacter spp) um aumento de incidência nos meses “quentes/úmidos”, relação significante entre temperatura média mensal e incidência e sazonalidade em modelos estocásticos. Neste último teste, também se detectou sazonalidade para estafilococos coagulase-negativa, aparentemente não relacionada a fatores climáticos. No estudo de base individual (“caso-controle”) identificamos correlação entre temperaturas elevadas na semana anterior...
Recent studies identified seasonal behavior of some microorganisms implicated in the etiology of Healthcare-associated Infections (HAIs). Most of these studies were conducted in developed countries with temperate climate. In order to identify the seasonality of nosocomial pathogens in a tropical region, we conducted an ecological study involving positive blood cultures of suspected nosocomial origin (collected after the third day of hospitalization) in the Hospital das Clinicas from Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu in the period 2005-2010. The study was conducted in two phases. In the first (“ecologic study”) we performed: (a) comparisons of the incidence of bacteremia caused by specific organisms or groups during “warm” (October to March) and cold” (April to September) months; (b) regression analysis, aimed at identifying the association between temperature and humidity and the average monthly incidence of bacteremia, (c) time series analysis. In the second phase, (“casecontrol”), weather factors (temperature and humidity averages of the seven days preceding the collection of each blood cultures) were addressed in order to identify predictors of isolation of specific microorganisms and groups in the logistic regression model. The results showed consistency between the various approaches. Three groups (Gram-negative as a whole, Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobacter spp) presented increased incidence in “warm” months, significant relation between mean temperature and monthly incidence and seasonality in stochastic models. Those models also detected seasonality for coagulase-negative staphylococci, apparently not related to climatic factors. In individualbased analysis (case-control) we identified correlation between high temperatures in the past week and recovery of Gram-negatives in general, and among these, A. baumannii. The findings are consistent with the literature, showing ...
Recent studies identified seasonal behavior of some microorganisms implicated in the etiology of Healthcare-associated Infections (HAIs). Most of these studies were conducted in developed countries with temperate climate. In order to identify the seasonality of nosocomial pathogens in a tropical region, we conducted an ecological study involving positive blood cultures of suspected nosocomial origin (collected after the third day of hospitalization) in the Hospital das Clinicas from Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu in the period 2005-2010. The study was conducted in two phases. In the first (“ecologic study”) we performed: (a) comparisons of the incidence of bacteremia caused by specific organisms or groups during “warm” (October to March) and cold” (April to September) months; (b) regression analysis, aimed at identifying the association between temperature and humidity and the average monthly incidence of bacteremia, (c) time series analysis. In the second phase, (“casecontrol”), weather factors (temperature and humidity averages of the seven days preceding the collection of each blood cultures) were addressed in order to identify predictors of isolation of specific microorganisms and groups in the logistic regression model. The results showed consistency between the various approaches. Three groups (Gram-negative as a whole, Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobacter spp) presented increased incidence in “warm” months, significant relation between mean temperature and monthly incidence and seasonality in stochastic models. Those models also detected seasonality for coagulase-negative staphylococci, apparently not related to climatic factors. In individualbased analysis (case-control) we identified correlation between high temperatures in the past week and recovery of Gram-negatives in general, and among these, A. baumannii. The findings are consistent with the literature, showing ...
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Palavras-chave
Infeccão hospitalar, Bacterias gram-negativas, Acinetobacter, Medicina tropical, Gram-negative bacteria, Botucatu (SP)
Como citar
CALDEIRA, Sílvia Maria. Impacto das condições climáticas sobre a etiologia das bacteremias nosocomiais no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu-UNESP. 2013. 64 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 2013.