Variação sexual, ontogenética e ambiental do veneno de Crotalus durissus terrificus da região de Botucatu - São Paulo: caracterização enzimática, bioquímica e farmacológica
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2011-02-28
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O veneno da serpente Crotalus durissus terrificus (C.d.t.) é constituído pelas toxinas: Crotoxina, Crotamina, Giroxina e Convulxina. A crotamina possui ação miotóxica, sendo que esta toxina pode ser expressa ou não por animais de uma mesma região. Variações bioquímicas, enzimáticas e farmacológicas dos venenos, podem estar associadas a fatores geográficos, clima, sexo, idade, dieta, bem como tempo decorrido de cativeiro e entre extrações. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo caracterizar o veneno de C.d.t, da micro-região de Botucatu (São Paulo) pela determinação de suas propriedades bioquímicas, farmacológicas e enzimáticas. Para isto, foi realizada a comparação de venenos de serpentes recém capturadas da natureza com o de cativeiro, para verificar a influência da variação sexual, ambiental (tempo de cativeiro) e ontogenética na sua composição. Foram utilizadas técnicas de dosagem protéica, eletroforese (SDS-PAGE), perfil cromatográfico (HPLC-RP), atividade coagulante e índice de coagulação, atividade proteolítica sobre a caseína, tóxica(DL50) e atividade da crotamina. As atividades das 93 amostras de veneno foram comparadas com as do Veneno Referência Nacional. A dosagem protéica não evidenciou variação entre os grupos formados por adultos (75%), mas mostrou diferença quando comparada a do grupo de filhotes (60%). A análise eletroforética (SDS-PAGE 15%) evidenciou que a variação da presença da crotamina não teve relação com a distribuição dos grupos, sendo que 65% das amostras foram crotaminanegativa. O perfil cromatográfico corroborou os resultados da eletroforese, a respeito da variação da crotamina, mostrando grandes variações nas concentrações das proteínas, além de evidenciar grande quantidade de isoformas de crotoxina. Na caracterização coagulante dos venenos, não houve variação entre os grupos formados por adultos...
Crotalus durissus terrificus (C.d.t.) venom is composed by the following toxins: crotoxin, crotamine, gyroxin and convulxin. Crotamine possess a myotoxic action that can be expressed or not by snakes from the same region. Biochemical, enzymatic and pharmacological variations of venoms may be associated with geographic factors, climate, gender, age, and diet as well as length of captivity and venom extractions. The present study was carried out in order to characterize the C.d.t. venom of Botucatu micro-region, São Paulo State, by defining its biochemical, pharmacological and enzymatic properties. A comparative characterization of venoms from newly captured snakes and already-captured animals was performed to verify the sexual, environmental (length of captivity) and ontogenetic variations that influence the venom composition. Protein concentration, electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), chromatographic profile (RPHPLC), coagulant activity and coagulation index, proteolytic activity upon casein, toxic (LD50) and crotamine activity were employed. The venom activities of 93 samples were compared with the National Reference Venom. Protein concentrations did not evidence a variation among the groups of adults (75%), but revealed some difference when compared with newborn groups (60%). The electrophoresis analysis (SDS-PAGE 15%) presented a crotamine variation that had no relation with the distribution of groups, which showed that 65% of the samples were crotamine negative. The chromatographic profile confirmed the results of electrophoresis regarding crotamine variation, and also showed great variation in the protein concentration, besides revealing a high quantity of crotoxin isoforms. Concerning coagulant characterization, there was no variation among adult groups; however, the National Reference Venom and newborn groups presented higher coagulant activities. Toxic (LD 50) and proteolytic activicties... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Crotalus durissus terrificus (C.d.t.) venom is composed by the following toxins: crotoxin, crotamine, gyroxin and convulxin. Crotamine possess a myotoxic action that can be expressed or not by snakes from the same region. Biochemical, enzymatic and pharmacological variations of venoms may be associated with geographic factors, climate, gender, age, and diet as well as length of captivity and venom extractions. The present study was carried out in order to characterize the C.d.t. venom of Botucatu micro-region, São Paulo State, by defining its biochemical, pharmacological and enzymatic properties. A comparative characterization of venoms from newly captured snakes and already-captured animals was performed to verify the sexual, environmental (length of captivity) and ontogenetic variations that influence the venom composition. Protein concentration, electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), chromatographic profile (RPHPLC), coagulant activity and coagulation index, proteolytic activity upon casein, toxic (LD50) and crotamine activity were employed. The venom activities of 93 samples were compared with the National Reference Venom. Protein concentrations did not evidence a variation among the groups of adults (75%), but revealed some difference when compared with newborn groups (60%). The electrophoresis analysis (SDS-PAGE 15%) presented a crotamine variation that had no relation with the distribution of groups, which showed that 65% of the samples were crotamine negative. The chromatographic profile confirmed the results of electrophoresis regarding crotamine variation, and also showed great variation in the protein concentration, besides revealing a high quantity of crotoxin isoforms. Concerning coagulant characterization, there was no variation among adult groups; however, the National Reference Venom and newborn groups presented higher coagulant activities. Toxic (LD 50) and proteolytic activicties... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
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Botucatu (SP), Serpente peçonhenta - Peçonha, Ontogenetic variations, Crotamine
Como citar
LOURENÇO JUNIOR, Airton. Variação sexual, ontogenética e ambiental do veneno de Crotalus durissus terrificus da região de Botucatu - São Paulo: caracterização enzimática, bioquímica e farmacológica. 2011. 100 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 2011.