Adolescente, uso de álcool, depressão e desenvolvimento cognitivo
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Data
2007-11
Autores
Teixeira, Patrícia Santos [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A adolescência é uma fase evolutiva do ser humano e deve ser estudada a partir dos ângulos biológico, social e psicológico. O adolescente, em sua busca pela identidade adulta, passa por um processo turbulento de dúvidas e insegurança. Segundo Piaget, o desenvolvimento do adolescente é uma equilibração progressiva e o sujeito nessa fase busca construir o pensamento hipotético dedutivo a partir de uma tomada de consciência progressiva. O comportamento e o uso prematuro de substâncias psicoativas, legais e ilegais, entre o público adolescente, é uma questão muito discutida na sociedade contemporânea. As drogas legais, como álcool e tabaco, são as mais usadas entre os adolescentes e seu consumo pode ter conseqüências tanto legais como sociais, e também relacionadas à saúde. Levantamentos sobre o uso de álcool mostram que o consumo de drogas começa, geralmente, no início da adolescência, já havendo número razoável de dependentes nesta faixa etária. A depressão parece estar presente também e o rendimento escolar acaba sendo afetado. A presente pesquisa visa identificar e discutir a relação entre o uso abusivo de álcool em adolescentes escolarizados, a depressão e a conseqüência deste uso no desenvolvimento cognitivo. Participaram da pesquisa 132 alunos do primeiro ano do Ensino Médio de duas escolas, sendo uma pública e outra particular de uma cidade de porte médio do interior do estado de São Paulo. Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: AUDIT – Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test; Inventário para depressão Beck (BDI – Beck Depression Inventory) e Provas para o Desenvolvimento Operatório (Permutação, Combinação e Torre de Hanói). Os resultados mostram que o consumo de álcool em excesso é significativo e que a depressão é existente, sobretudo nas meninas e no grupo mais pobre, mas nesse momento do desenvolvimento, não observamos uma relação favorável entre o uso de álcool...
Adolescence is a human evolutionary phase which should be studied from different angles: biological, social, and psychological. The adolescent, seeking for an adult identity, goes through a turbulent period of doubts and insecurity. According to Piaget, an adolescent’s development is a progressive balancing together with, at this phase, a search to construct a hypothetical deductive thinking as from progressive consciousness. Among adolescents, their behaviour and premature use of psychoactive substances, legal and illegal, is a matter much discussed in today’s society. Legal drugs, such as alcohol and tobacco, are widely used among adolescents which can have legal, social, and health consequences. Research on alcohols has shown that drugs are generally consumed at the beginning of adolescence, there being a notable quantity of dependents in this age group. Depression seems to be also present and scholastic work negatively affected. This work intends to identify and discuss the relationship between school-age adolescent’s abusive usage of alcohol, the depression and consequences from its usage, and cognitive development. A total of 132 first year Secondary students from two schools, one public and one private from a medium sized city in the interior of the State of São Paulo, took part in this work. The following were used: “AUDIT – Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test”,” BDI – Beck Depression Inventory”, and “Tests for Operational Development (Permutation, Combination and Hanoi’s Tower)”. Results showed that the excessive consumption of alcoholic drinks is meaningful and that depression exists, more so in girls and the poor, but that, at this moment of development, we did not observe a relationship between alcohol usage, depression and cognitive development. This may be explained by the fact that the effect is slow, possibly worsening later.
Adolescence is a human evolutionary phase which should be studied from different angles: biological, social, and psychological. The adolescent, seeking for an adult identity, goes through a turbulent period of doubts and insecurity. According to Piaget, an adolescent’s development is a progressive balancing together with, at this phase, a search to construct a hypothetical deductive thinking as from progressive consciousness. Among adolescents, their behaviour and premature use of psychoactive substances, legal and illegal, is a matter much discussed in today’s society. Legal drugs, such as alcohol and tobacco, are widely used among adolescents which can have legal, social, and health consequences. Research on alcohols has shown that drugs are generally consumed at the beginning of adolescence, there being a notable quantity of dependents in this age group. Depression seems to be also present and scholastic work negatively affected. This work intends to identify and discuss the relationship between school-age adolescent’s abusive usage of alcohol, the depression and consequences from its usage, and cognitive development. A total of 132 first year Secondary students from two schools, one public and one private from a medium sized city in the interior of the State of São Paulo, took part in this work. The following were used: “AUDIT – Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test”,” BDI – Beck Depression Inventory”, and “Tests for Operational Development (Permutation, Combination and Hanoi’s Tower)”. Results showed that the excessive consumption of alcoholic drinks is meaningful and that depression exists, more so in girls and the poor, but that, at this moment of development, we did not observe a relationship between alcohol usage, depression and cognitive development. This may be explained by the fact that the effect is slow, possibly worsening later.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Educação - Brasil, Psicologia educacional, Psicologia do adolescente, Jovens - Uso de álcool, Depressão na adolescencia
Como citar
TEIXEIRA, Patrícia Santos. Adolescente, uso de álcool, depressão e desenvolvimento cognitivo. 2007. 115 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Araraquara, 2007.