Caracterização do saldo de radiação em ambiente protegido e a campo de seus efeitos sobre as necessidades hídricas do cravo-de-defunto (Tagetes sp.)
Carregando...
Data
2003-06
Autores
Boueri, Millena Ariana [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi medir o consumo hídrico do cravo-dedefunto (Tagetes sp.), dentro e fora de ambiente protegido, por meio de lisímetros de lençol freático constante, para determinação dos coeficientes de cultura (Kc) em todos os seus estádios de desenvolvimento; e caracterizar os elementos meteorológicos nos dois ambientes. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental do Departamento de Recursos Naturais – Setor Ciências Ambientais da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da Universidade Estadual Paulista, Câmpus de Botucatu, no período de 21/05 a 09/08/02. A área experimental foi constituída de duas áreas de 280 m2, sendo uma na condição de campo e a outra em ambiente protegido tipo arco, com cobertura de polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD), difusor de luz, com 150mm de espessura, tendo nas laterais sombrite com 50% de redução da radiação solar. Os resultados mostraram que o PEBD causou aumento na temperatura do ar, no conteúdo de umidade e na radiação solar difusa, comprovando o seu efeito difusor. Os valores médios de temperatura no solo, velocidade do vento, radiação solar global, direta, refletida e do saldo de radiação foram menores no ambiente protegido. A evapotranspiração total da cultura, para um ciclo de 81 dias, foi de 115 e 119mm, nas condições de ambiente protegido e campo, respectivamente, com médias de 1,4 e 1,5mm d-1. O coeficiente de cultura variou de acordo com o estádio de desenvolvimento da cultura, tendo sido observados valores médios, nas condições de ambiente protegido e campo, respectivamente, de 0,48 e 0,71 na fase inicial, 0,87 e 0,93 no desenvolvimento vegetativo, com máximos de 1,15 e 0,85 no florescimento, e 0,94 e 0,70 no final do ciclo. A velocidade do vento, umidade do ar e o índice de área foliar tiveram maior influência no processo de evapotranspiração do que o saldo de radiação.
The objective of this work was measure the water consumption of the Tagetes sp. crop, inside and outside a greenhouse, through of water table lysimeters, for determination of the crop coefficients (Kc) in all its development stages; and to characterize the meteorological elements in the two atmospheres. The experiment was carried on the experimental area of the Department of Natural Resources - Section Environmental Sciences of the College of Agricultural Sciences, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, in the period from 21/05 to 09/08/02. The experimental area was constituted of two areas of 280m2, being one at field conditions and the other in greenhouse arch type, with covering of polyethylene of low density (HDPE), light spreading, with 150mm of thickness, and polypropylene screen with 50% reduction of the solar radiation in the laterals. The results showed that HDPE caused increasing in the temperature of the air, in the humidity content and in the diffuse solar radiation, checking its spreading effect. The medium values of soil temperature; wind speed; global, direct and reflected solar radiation; and net radiation were smaller in the greenhouse compared to outside values. The total evapotranspiration for this crop, for a cycle of 81 days, was of 115 and 119mm respectively, in greenhouse and field conditions, with averages of 1.4 and 1.5mm d-1. The crop coefficient varied according to the development stage of the culture, with observed medium values, in the conditions of greenhouse and field, respectively, of 0,48 and 0,71 in the initial phase, 0,87 and 0,93 in the vegetative development, with maxima of 1,15 and 0,85 in the blossom, and 0,94 and 0,70 in the end of the cycle. The wind speed, air humidity and leaf area index had larger influence in the process evapotranspiration than the net radiation.
The objective of this work was measure the water consumption of the Tagetes sp. crop, inside and outside a greenhouse, through of water table lysimeters, for determination of the crop coefficients (Kc) in all its development stages; and to characterize the meteorological elements in the two atmospheres. The experiment was carried on the experimental area of the Department of Natural Resources - Section Environmental Sciences of the College of Agricultural Sciences, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, in the period from 21/05 to 09/08/02. The experimental area was constituted of two areas of 280m2, being one at field conditions and the other in greenhouse arch type, with covering of polyethylene of low density (HDPE), light spreading, with 150mm of thickness, and polypropylene screen with 50% reduction of the solar radiation in the laterals. The results showed that HDPE caused increasing in the temperature of the air, in the humidity content and in the diffuse solar radiation, checking its spreading effect. The medium values of soil temperature; wind speed; global, direct and reflected solar radiation; and net radiation were smaller in the greenhouse compared to outside values. The total evapotranspiration for this crop, for a cycle of 81 days, was of 115 and 119mm respectively, in greenhouse and field conditions, with averages of 1.4 and 1.5mm d-1. The crop coefficient varied according to the development stage of the culture, with observed medium values, in the conditions of greenhouse and field, respectively, of 0,48 and 0,71 in the initial phase, 0,87 and 0,93 in the vegetative development, with maxima of 1,15 and 0,85 in the blossom, and 0,94 and 0,70 in the end of the cycle. The wind speed, air humidity and leaf area index had larger influence in the process evapotranspiration than the net radiation.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cravo (Flor), Cravo (Flor) - Efeito da radiação, Estufa (Plantas), Evapotranspiração
Como citar
BOUERI, Millena Ariana. Caracterização do saldo de radiação em ambiente protegido e a campo de seus efeitos sobre as necessidades hídricas do cravo-de-defunto (Tagetes sp.). 2003. xiv, 62 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2003.