Mapeamento de sensibilidade ambiental a derramamentos de óleo na região costeira de Bertioga - SP
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Data
2009-03-09
Autores
Cunha, Fabrício Pinheiro da [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho realizou o mapeamento de Sensibilidade Ambiental a derramamentos de óleo da região costeira do município de Bertioga-SP. Foram mapeados os ambientes do estuário do Canal de Bertioga e do Rio Itapanhau, além da área costeira marinha compreendida entre a foz do Canal de Bertioga e a Ponta do Itaguá, na praia da Boracéia, em São Sebastião. Para tanto, foi aplicada a metodologia indicada pelo Ministério do Meio Ambiente, atualmente utilizada no Brasil. Foram mapeados e identificados em campo e na literatura três tipos de informações principais: recursos biológicos; caracterização física do meio e usos humanos dos espaços e recursos (atividades sócio-econômicas). Como produto final, os ecossistemas costeiros e marinhos presentes na linha de costa foram classificados de acordo com o índice de sensibilidade ambiental. Foi desenvolvido um banco de dados geográfico e elaborado um Atlas da região contendo as cartas de sensibilidade ambiental (Cartas SAO), sendo 03 de nível tático (1:70.000) e 11 de nível operacional (1:20.000), informações descritivas dos segmentos da linha de costa, com recursos visuais, além de uma listagem de espécies. A região costeira de Bertioga apresentou significativa heterogeneidade ambiental, em sua maior parte representados por manguezal, com alta sensibilidade ao óleo, localizada em áreas do estuário. Estes ambientes apresentam baixo hidrodinamismo, sedimentos lamosos inconsolidados, de baixa declividade, abrigando grande diversidade de fauna, resultando em grande persistência do óleo no ambiente e dificultando as ações de combate. O ambiente praial demonstrou baixa variação morfodinâmica (ângulo de declividade e granulometria) sazonal, e conseqüentemente, não houve variação sazonal na classificação no índice de sensibilidade ambiental (ISL). Foi possível identificar uma lacuna na literatura científica...
This present study performed the environmental sensitivity mapping for oil spills of the coast side of Bertioga City. It has been mapped the estuary of Bertioga´s Channel and Itapanhau River, besides the marine coast side between the Bertioga´s Channel mouth and Ponta do Itaguá, at Boracéia beach, at São Sebastião City. To perform the present study it was applied the methodology indicated by the Ministry of the Environment, currently used in Brazil. It has been mapped and identified in field and literature three types of main information: biological resources, physical environment characterization and human land use and resources (socio-economic activities). As a final product it was developed a geographic database and an atlas of the surroundings containing ESI maps, including 03 tactical (1:70.000) and 11 operational maps (1:10.000), which show coast line descriptive information, visual resources and a list of biological species. The seashore of Bertioga City presents significant environmental diversity, the most part represented by mangrove ecosystem, with high sensitivity to oil, located at estuary. These environments present low hydrodynamism, mud sediment, low declivity, sheltering biodiversity, resulting in high oil persistence in environment difficulting actions to combat. The beach environment showed low seasonal morfodynamic variation, consequently, there was no seasonal variation at environmental sensitivity index. It was possible to identify a blank at scientific literature about biodiversity information for the studied area, despite being an exuberant environment. The study area has potential sources of pollution, as OSBAT pipeline and state highways. The building of a geographic database, directed to detailded ESI maps associated with an environmental atlas, showed to be an instrument for to guide actions in oil spills sceneries, while they are instruments... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
This present study performed the environmental sensitivity mapping for oil spills of the coast side of Bertioga City. It has been mapped the estuary of Bertioga´s Channel and Itapanhau River, besides the marine coast side between the Bertioga´s Channel mouth and Ponta do Itaguá, at Boracéia beach, at São Sebastião City. To perform the present study it was applied the methodology indicated by the Ministry of the Environment, currently used in Brazil. It has been mapped and identified in field and literature three types of main information: biological resources, physical environment characterization and human land use and resources (socio-economic activities). As a final product it was developed a geographic database and an atlas of the surroundings containing ESI maps, including 03 tactical (1:70.000) and 11 operational maps (1:10.000), which show coast line descriptive information, visual resources and a list of biological species. The seashore of Bertioga City presents significant environmental diversity, the most part represented by mangrove ecosystem, with high sensitivity to oil, located at estuary. These environments present low hydrodynamism, mud sediment, low declivity, sheltering biodiversity, resulting in high oil persistence in environment difficulting actions to combat. The beach environment showed low seasonal morfodynamic variation, consequently, there was no seasonal variation at environmental sensitivity index. It was possible to identify a blank at scientific literature about biodiversity information for the studied area, despite being an exuberant environment. The study area has potential sources of pollution, as OSBAT pipeline and state highways. The building of a geographic database, directed to detailded ESI maps associated with an environmental atlas, showed to be an instrument for to guide actions in oil spills sceneries, while they are instruments... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ecologia aquatica, Gerenciamento costeiro, Sistemas de informação geografica, Bertioga (SP), Mapas de sensibilidade, Cartas SAO, ESI maps, Oil spills, Coast side
Como citar
CUNHA, Fabrício Pinheiro da. Mapeamento de sensibilidade ambiental a derramamentos de óleo na região costeira de Bertioga - SP. 2009. 2 v. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas, 2009.