A criação da Petrobras nas páginas dos jornais O Estado de São Paulo e Diário de Notícias
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Data
2005
Autores
Carvalho Junior, Celso [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Na segunda metade dos anos de 1940, medidas que permitiriam a participação da iniciativa privada no setor petrolífero brasileiro desencadearam acalorados debates que marcaram a época. Em discussão estavam propostas que aumentassem a produção nacional de petróleo, indispensável para o desenvolvimento industrial. Porém, o ponto mais polêmico dizia respeito ao grau de participação que o Estado e investidores particulares, nacionais e estrangeiros, deveriam ter nesta atividade econômica. Diversos grupos sociais envolveram-se na questão, que ganhou repercussão seja na Assembléia Nacional Constituinte (1946), com o anteprojeto do Estatuto do Petróleo (1948), a campanha O Petróleo é Nosso e o projeto de criação da Petrobras (1951). Com a redemocratização no pós-1945, coube aos parlamentares definir a política para o petróleo e, entre 1946 e 1953, os envolvidos no assunto tentavam conquistar o apoio da opinião pública para respaldar suas propostas. Um dos meios para tanto foi divulgá-las pela imprensa. Esta pesquisa objetiva dar conta da participação dos jornais O Estado de S. Paulo, órgão liberal e defensor da abertura do setor petrolífero ao capital estrangeiro, e Diário de Notícias, de tendência nacionalista e favorável ao monopólio estatal, nos intensos debates então travados, a fim de analisar, por meio de artigos e editoriais, as posições assumidas por esses matutinos em momentos importantes da polêmica. Trata-se de averiguar, portanto, os argumentos e estratégias mobilizados para conquistar o apoio dos leitores e identificar os grupos sociais representados pelos respectivos periódicos. A imprensa foi entendida como agente histórico que intervem nos acontecimentos, forma opiniões, conquista adeptos para suas causas e difunde projetos políticos e visões de mundo compartilhadas por setores sociais.
In the second half of the forties, some measures which would permit the participation of the private initiative in the brazilian petrol sector triggered off some heated debates which marked the epoch.The discussions were around proposals that could increase the national petrol production, indispensable for the industrial development, and the most controversial point was about the degree of participation which the State and some (national and foreigner) particular investors should have on that economic activity. Several social groups were engaged in that point, which came by backwash with the Assembléia National Constituinte (National Constituent Assembly) of 1946, the previous project of the Estatuto do Petróleo (Petrol's Statute), the campaign O Petróleo é Nosso (Petroleum is Ours) and the Petrobras' project of creation. With the redemocratization, the politics for the petroleum should be defined by the parliament people, and so, between 1946 and 1953, engaged people in the subject were trying to conquer the public opinion's favour in order to support their proposals. One of the ways they used was publicising their ideas in newspapers. Therefore, we studied the participation of O Estado de São Paulo, liberal organ that defended the petrol sector's opening to the foreign capital, and Diário de Notícias, which tended to nationalism and favored the State Monopoly. Our goal was analyze, through articles and editorials, the positions assumed by those newspapers during some important moments of that controversial fact. Besides, the arguments and strategies mobilized in order to conquer the readers' favour were analyzed and the social groups represented by the respective newspapers were identified. In this study, the press was considered as a historical agent that tries to step in the facts, intends to conquest following people for a cause and represents politic projects and world visions of society's sectors.
In the second half of the forties, some measures which would permit the participation of the private initiative in the brazilian petrol sector triggered off some heated debates which marked the epoch.The discussions were around proposals that could increase the national petrol production, indispensable for the industrial development, and the most controversial point was about the degree of participation which the State and some (national and foreigner) particular investors should have on that economic activity. Several social groups were engaged in that point, which came by backwash with the Assembléia National Constituinte (National Constituent Assembly) of 1946, the previous project of the Estatuto do Petróleo (Petrol's Statute), the campaign O Petróleo é Nosso (Petroleum is Ours) and the Petrobras' project of creation. With the redemocratization, the politics for the petroleum should be defined by the parliament people, and so, between 1946 and 1953, engaged people in the subject were trying to conquer the public opinion's favour in order to support their proposals. One of the ways they used was publicising their ideas in newspapers. Therefore, we studied the participation of O Estado de São Paulo, liberal organ that defended the petrol sector's opening to the foreign capital, and Diário de Notícias, which tended to nationalism and favored the State Monopoly. Our goal was analyze, through articles and editorials, the positions assumed by those newspapers during some important moments of that controversial fact. Besides, the arguments and strategies mobilized in order to conquer the readers' favour were analyzed and the social groups represented by the respective newspapers were identified. In this study, the press was considered as a historical agent that tries to step in the facts, intends to conquest following people for a cause and represents politic projects and world visions of society's sectors.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Brasil Historia, Jornalismo, Petróleo - Brasil, Nacionalismo, Liberalismo, History - Brazil, Petroleum - Brazil, Nationalism, Liberalism
Como citar
CARVALHO JUNIOR, Celso. A criação da Petrobras nas páginas dos jornais O Estado de São Paulo e Diário de Notícias. 2005. 178 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis, 2005.