O símbolo e a alegoria nos textos teóricos de Goethe [de 1772 a 1798]
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Data
2012-05-16
Autores
Rosa, Elis Piera [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A presente dissertação delineará as noções que baseiam a oposição goethiana entre símbolo e alegoria (a partir dos textos do autor que dissertaram sobre arte, dos anos de 1772 a 1798), visando torná-la produtiva para a análise literária de passagens de As afinidades eletivas e Os sofrimentos do jovem Werther. Nosso trabalho traz um histórico sobre o signo em Goethe, observando a relação que este estabeleceu com a natureza e a Antiguidade, bem como o correspondente esforço em superar a dependência destas mesmas influências até atingir uma forma de expressão e pensamento próprias. O símbolo, como emergência de uma reflexão sobre linguagem não mais como meio, jaz também na teoria de Goethe. Sob a sugestão de Todorov em “A crise romântica”, relacionaremos o par símbolo-alegoria às ideias linguísticas de motivação e arbitrariedade (respectivamente): tal intento insere Goethe na tradição de discussão sobre a possibilidade de origem motivada para a linguagem iniciada pelo Crátilo de Platão, e continuada por autores de linguística e teoria literária, principalmente no que concerne às bases da fundamentação de uma linguagem poética. Arbitrariedade e motivação, ainda que inexistentes na Goethezeit, apresentam-se como conceitos que clareiam a distinção entre símbolo e alegoria. Uma origem motivada ou arbitrária para a linguagem encontrou destaque desde a declaração saussuriana de que todo signo é arbitrário – princípio fundador de sua ciência. Em seus textos teóricos, Goethe se detém numa defesa do signo linguístico como essencialmente motivado, noção esta que passa por nuances ao longo de sua carreira e se articula com o conceito de arbitrariedade em linguagem, culminando numa ideia de signo que englobe ambas as características contraditórias: o simbólico se torna mistério, que é velado e se...
This dissertation intend to outline the underlying concepts of the Goethean opposition symbol-allegory (using his texts whose main theme concern to art, written between 1772 and 1798), in order to make them productive for literary analysis on passages from Elective Affinities and The Sorrows of Young Werther. Our work provides a background about the idea of sign in Goethe: we note the relationship his art established with nature and antiquity, as well as his effort to overcome the dependence of these two influences, aiming to achieve an autonom form of expression and thinking. The emergence of language as a being able to self-expression (and no more as a mean serving institutions) is a atributtion of the symbol also present in Goethe's theory. Following the suggestion of Todorov in Romantic crisis, we will link the pair symbol-allegory to the linguistic ideas of motivation and arbitrariness (respectively): Goethe inserts such intent in the philosophic line which discuss the possibility of a motivated origin to the language – started with “Cratylus's” Plato, and continued by authors of literary and linguistic theory, especially the ones who concern to the basis fundamenting poetic language. Arbitrariness and motivation, even nonexistent in Goethezeit, can be presented as concepts that clarify distinctions between symbol and allegory. A motivated or arbitrary origin for the language has found prominence since the Saussurean declaration that, as a whole, the sign is arbitrary – the founding principle of his science. In his theoretical writings, Goethe holds up a defense of the linguistic sign as essentially motivated – a concept that goes through nuances throughout his career and is linked to the concept of arbitrariness in language, culminating in the construction of conventionality in the sign. It embraces... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
This dissertation intend to outline the underlying concepts of the Goethean opposition symbol-allegory (using his texts whose main theme concern to art, written between 1772 and 1798), in order to make them productive for literary analysis on passages from Elective Affinities and The Sorrows of Young Werther. Our work provides a background about the idea of sign in Goethe: we note the relationship his art established with nature and antiquity, as well as his effort to overcome the dependence of these two influences, aiming to achieve an autonom form of expression and thinking. The emergence of language as a being able to self-expression (and no more as a mean serving institutions) is a atributtion of the symbol also present in Goethe's theory. Following the suggestion of Todorov in Romantic crisis, we will link the pair symbol-allegory to the linguistic ideas of motivation and arbitrariness (respectively): Goethe inserts such intent in the philosophic line which discuss the possibility of a motivated origin to the language – started with “Cratylus's” Plato, and continued by authors of literary and linguistic theory, especially the ones who concern to the basis fundamenting poetic language. Arbitrariness and motivation, even nonexistent in Goethezeit, can be presented as concepts that clarify distinctions between symbol and allegory. A motivated or arbitrary origin for the language has found prominence since the Saussurean declaration that, as a whole, the sign is arbitrary – the founding principle of his science. In his theoretical writings, Goethe holds up a defense of the linguistic sign as essentially motivated – a concept that goes through nuances throughout his career and is linked to the concept of arbitrariness in language, culminating in the construction of conventionality in the sign. It embraces... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 1749-1832. As afinidades eletivas, Literatura alemã, Simbolismo na literatura, German literature
Como citar
ROSA, Elis Piera. O símbolo e a alegoria nos textos teóricos de Goethe [de 1772 a 1798]. 2012. 160 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Araraquara, 2012.