Atitudes dos profissionais de saúde frente a revelação de más notícias
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Data
2007-02-28
Autores
Pereira, Carolina Rebello [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Nas últimas décadas profundas mudanças têm ocorrido no tocante à revelação de informações aos pacientes, em especial àqueles com diagnósticos de doenças que ameacem a vida, como o câncer. Porém no Brasil, e em muitos países em desenvolvimento, ainda é a regra a atitude paternalista dos profissionais da saúde ao oferecer uma mentira solidária, ao invés de informar o diagnóstico real de câncer. Objetivos: Descrever as preferências em relação à revelação do diagnóstico e prognóstico entre os profissionais de saúde (médicos e enfermeiros) e avaliar se esses profissionais oferecem aos seus pacientes a mesma conduta que gostariam de receber se estivessem com uma doença que ameaça a vida. Metodologia: Após consentimento livre esclarecido, foram aplicados questionários contendo oito questões sobre preferências acerca da revelação de informações sobre diagnóstico e prognóstico para 50 médicos e 50 enfermeiros. Resultados: Noventa e sete por cento dos profissionais da saúde acredita que sempre ou quase sempre se deve contar o diagnóstico aos pacientes e 80% o prognóstico. Quando se refere às preferências pessoais, 96% querem saber, em qualquer circunstância, seu próprio diagnóstico e 92% o prognóstico. Dentre os profissionais entrevistados 35% acreditam que existam situações em que mentir ou omitir informações aos pacientes é justificável, porém 90% não admitiriam que algum profissional da saúde lhes mentisse/omitisse informações. Quarenta e sete por cento crêem que a família deve ser envolvida no processo de informação do diagnóstico estes também envolveriam a própria família em caso de doença que ameaça a vida. 12 Conclusão: Pelo presente estudo é possível demonstrar que os médicos e enfermeiros, em uma perspectiva de bioética aplicada à clínica, estão cada vez mais se aproximando das expectativas dos pacientes, embora ainda haja um longo caminho a percorrer.
Last decades, deep changes have occurred on disclosure of informations to the patients, especially those with diagnosis of life threatening diseases like cancer. Beside this fact, in Brazil and in many other countries in development, the paternalistic attitude of health professionals is still the rule; they rather offer a solidary lie instead of full disclosure of cancer. Objectives: To describe the preferences among the disclosure of diagnosis and prognosis of health professionals (nurses and physicians) and evaluate if these professionals offer the their patients the same attitude they would like to receive in case they face a lifethreatening disease. Methodology: After informed consent, an eight questions questionnaire about preferences of disclosure of diagnosis and prognosis was offered to 50 physicians and 50 nurses. Results: Ninety-seven percent of health professionals believe that diagnosis must be told always or almost always to their patients and 80%, the prognosis. When considered personal preferences, 96% want full disclosure of diagnosis in any circumstance and 92% of prognosis. Between the interviewed professionals, 35% believe that there are situations when lying or withhold informations from a patient is justified, but 90% would not admit that any health professional lie or withhold informations. Forty seven percent believe that family must be involved in any point of diagnosis disclosure process, and they also would involve their own family in case of their own illness. Conclusion: By this study it is possible to demonstrate that physicians and nurses, on a perspective of clinical bioethics, are almost reaching their patients expectations, although there is still a long way to go.
Last decades, deep changes have occurred on disclosure of informations to the patients, especially those with diagnosis of life threatening diseases like cancer. Beside this fact, in Brazil and in many other countries in development, the paternalistic attitude of health professionals is still the rule; they rather offer a solidary lie instead of full disclosure of cancer. Objectives: To describe the preferences among the disclosure of diagnosis and prognosis of health professionals (nurses and physicians) and evaluate if these professionals offer the their patients the same attitude they would like to receive in case they face a lifethreatening disease. Methodology: After informed consent, an eight questions questionnaire about preferences of disclosure of diagnosis and prognosis was offered to 50 physicians and 50 nurses. Results: Ninety-seven percent of health professionals believe that diagnosis must be told always or almost always to their patients and 80%, the prognosis. When considered personal preferences, 96% want full disclosure of diagnosis in any circumstance and 92% of prognosis. Between the interviewed professionals, 35% believe that there are situations when lying or withhold informations from a patient is justified, but 90% would not admit that any health professional lie or withhold informations. Forty seven percent believe that family must be involved in any point of diagnosis disclosure process, and they also would involve their own family in case of their own illness. Conclusion: By this study it is possible to demonstrate that physicians and nurses, on a perspective of clinical bioethics, are almost reaching their patients expectations, although there is still a long way to go.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bioetica, Cancer, Médico e paciente, Bioethics, Medical-patient relationship
Como citar
PEREIRA, Carolina Rebello. Atitudes dos profissionais de saúde frente a revelação de más notícias. 2007. 79 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 2007.