Caracterização do transporte rodoviário de bovinos de corte e efeitos no bem-estar animal e na qualidade as carcaças
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Data
2013-04-08
Autores
Franco, Mariana Rezende [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O transporte de animais para o abate é considerada a etapa mais crítica dentro do manejo de pré-abate. Vários são os motivos que influenciam nos efeitos do transporte rodoviário de bovinos de corte e no bem-estar animal e na qualidade de carcaça. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os efeitos do transporte rodoviário no bem-estar e na qualidade da carcaça de bovinos de corte destinados ao abate. Foram realizadas avaliações em duas plantas frigoríficas, com 1.038 desembarques, 185 motoristas avaliados e com um total de 19.635 carcaças. Analisando-se os principais efeitos relacionados à caracterização do transporte rodoviário de bovinos em alguns indicadores de bem-estar animal estão relacionados as características das viagens (condição de conservação do veículo, condições das estradas, distância, espaçamento), do condutor (curso na área de bem-estar animal, idade, tempo de experiência em condução de bovinos) e dos animais (raça e sexo). Considerou como variáveis dependentes as frequências de animais deitados, de quedas no desembarque e de hematomas nas carcaças. Os resultados indicaram que todas as variáveis dependentes apresentaram algum efeito sobre o número de hematomas nas carcaças, a porcentagem de animais deitados durante a viagem e a porcentagem de quedas sofridas no desembarque. Destaca-se os efeitos da distância percorrida pelo veículo de transporte, o espaço linear do compartimento de carga por animal e o tempo de experiência e capacitação dos condutores como importantes fontes de variação. Além dessas, o modelo do veículo utilizado para o transporte dos animais, também se mostrou uma forte variável, embora não tenha sido como variável independente nos modelos, devido ao fato da definição do modelo a ser usado no transporte não ser aleatória, dificultando comparações...
Animal transportation is considered the most critical step in preslaughter beef cattle management. The aim of this study was to characterize the road transport of beef cattle and to analyses its impact on cattle welfare and carcass quality. The study was carried out in two slaughterhouses, by assessing the circumstances of 1,038 unloading procedures, interviewing 185 truck drivers and analyzing 19,635 carcasses. The following independent variables were recorded: 1.) vehicle (type and load compartment conditions), 2) road (distance traveled and road conditions), 3.) driver (age, years of experience in cattle transport and attendance to training courses), 4.) animal (breed and gender) and 5.) space available per animal in the load compartment. The dependent variables analyzed were 1.) frequency of animals lying down in the load compartment, 2.) number of falls at unloading and 3.) number of bruises on the carcasses. The results indicated that all dependent variables had some effect on the number of bruises on carcasses and percentages of animals lying down during the trip and of falls at unloading. The distance traveled, the space per animal in the load compartment and the drivers’ experience and attendance to capacitation courses were determined to be the most important sources of variation. In addition, the vehicle model, also showed a strong effect on the dependent variables, although the type of vehicle was not included as independent variable, due to the fact of the model definition used for cattle transport was not by random. We conclude that to assure good animal welfare standards during transport and to achieve better carcass quality it is necessary to improve the transport conditions and this can be achieved by using vehicles that offer less risk to the animals, training the truck drivers, and opting for short-distances
Animal transportation is considered the most critical step in preslaughter beef cattle management. The aim of this study was to characterize the road transport of beef cattle and to analyses its impact on cattle welfare and carcass quality. The study was carried out in two slaughterhouses, by assessing the circumstances of 1,038 unloading procedures, interviewing 185 truck drivers and analyzing 19,635 carcasses. The following independent variables were recorded: 1.) vehicle (type and load compartment conditions), 2) road (distance traveled and road conditions), 3.) driver (age, years of experience in cattle transport and attendance to training courses), 4.) animal (breed and gender) and 5.) space available per animal in the load compartment. The dependent variables analyzed were 1.) frequency of animals lying down in the load compartment, 2.) number of falls at unloading and 3.) number of bruises on the carcasses. The results indicated that all dependent variables had some effect on the number of bruises on carcasses and percentages of animals lying down during the trip and of falls at unloading. The distance traveled, the space per animal in the load compartment and the drivers’ experience and attendance to capacitation courses were determined to be the most important sources of variation. In addition, the vehicle model, also showed a strong effect on the dependent variables, although the type of vehicle was not included as independent variable, due to the fact of the model definition used for cattle transport was not by random. We conclude that to assure good animal welfare standards during transport and to achieve better carcass quality it is necessary to improve the transport conditions and this can be achieved by using vehicles that offer less risk to the animals, training the truck drivers, and opting for short-distances
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Bovino de corte - Carcaças, Animais - Transporte, Hematoma, Motoristas, Veiculos, Saude animal, Vehicles
Como citar
FRANCO, Mariana Rezende. Caracterização do transporte rodoviário de bovinos de corte e efeitos no bem-estar animal e na qualidade as carcaças. 2013. v, 72 p. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2013.