Desempenho de híbridos de milho em diferentes arranjos espaciais de plantas
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Data
2010-03-12
Autores
Kappes, Claudinei [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Dentre os fatores que interferem no desempenho da cultura do milho está o arranjo espacial de plantas, que por sua vez, interage com a competição intraespecífica por fatores do meio. Além disso, as modificações introduzidas nos genótipos mais recentes tem tornado necessário reavaliar as recomendações do arranjo de plantas em milho. A hipótese desse trabalho é de que o melhor arranjo de plantas diminua os efeitos da competição intraespecífica, com consequente aumento do rendimento. Diante do exposto, este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar o melhor arranjo de plantas para os híbridos de milho XB 6010, XB 6012, XB 7253, XB 9003 e AG 9010 nos espaçamentos de 45 e 90 cm entre as linhas e nas populações de 50.000, 60.000, 70.000, 80.000 e 90.000 plantas ha-1. O experimento foi conduzido na safra 2009, em Selvíria – MS, com os espaçamentos dispostos em faixas e as combinações híbrido x população em esquema fatorial 5 x 5 dentro de cada bloco e espaçamento. Foram mensurados caracteres morfológicos de plantas e de espiga e componentes de produção. Os efeitos de híbrido e espaçamento foram comparados pelo teste de Tukey (p<0,05) e de população pela análise de regressão. Os híbridos se diferenciaram em todos os caracteres mensurados, atribuindo-se esse fato às características intrínsecas de cada genótipo. A redução de 90 para 45 cm não influenciou a maioria dos caracteres, sendo que apenas altura de planta, diâmetro de colmo, massa de mil grãos e rendimento de grãos apresentaram variações, sendo a utilização do espaçamento reduzido vantajosa. O incremento da população influenciou negativamente a maioria dos caracteres e componentes de produção. O rendimento de grãos foi influenciado pelos arranjos espaciais, ocorrendo respostas diferenciadas dos híbridos. Os melhores arranjos foram: AG 9010 – 90.000 plantas ha-1 no espaçamento...
Among the factors that interfere in the corn crop is the spatial arrangement of plants, which in turn interacts with the intraspecific competition for factors of the environment. Moreover, the changes to the most recent genotypes has become necessary to reassess the recommendations of the arrangement of plants in corn. The hypothesis of this study is that the best arrangement of plants decreases the effects of intraspecific competition, with consequent increases in yield. Therefore this study aimed to determine the best arrangement of plants for the hybrids XB 6010, XB 6012, XB 7253, XB 9003 and AG 9010 in spacing of 45 and 90 cm between lines and populations of 50,000, 60,000, 70,000, 80,000 and 90,000 plants ha-1. The experiment was conducted on crop year of 2009 in Selvíria – MS, and the spacing were arranged in bands and the combinations of hybrids by populations in a factorial scheme 5 x 5 in each block, and spacing. Were measured morphological characters of plants, ear and yield components. The effects of hybrids and spacing were compared by Tukey test (p<0.05) and population by regression analysis. The hybrids differed in all characters measured, attributing this fact to the intrinsic characteristics of each genotype. The reduction from 90 to 45 cm did not affect most characters, with only plant height, stem diameter, weight of one thousand grains and grain yield showed variations, with the use of the reduced spacing advantageous. The increase of the population affected negatively most of the characters and yield components. The yield was influenced by the spatial arrangement, occurring different responses by hybrids. The best arrangements are: AG 9010 - 90,000 plants ha-1 with spacing of 45 cm, XB 7253 - 70,000 plants ha-1 in the two spacing; and XB 6010, XB 6012 and XB 9003 - without significant response to such arrangements, can be recommended 50,000 plants ha-1 in the two spacing
Among the factors that interfere in the corn crop is the spatial arrangement of plants, which in turn interacts with the intraspecific competition for factors of the environment. Moreover, the changes to the most recent genotypes has become necessary to reassess the recommendations of the arrangement of plants in corn. The hypothesis of this study is that the best arrangement of plants decreases the effects of intraspecific competition, with consequent increases in yield. Therefore this study aimed to determine the best arrangement of plants for the hybrids XB 6010, XB 6012, XB 7253, XB 9003 and AG 9010 in spacing of 45 and 90 cm between lines and populations of 50,000, 60,000, 70,000, 80,000 and 90,000 plants ha-1. The experiment was conducted on crop year of 2009 in Selvíria – MS, and the spacing were arranged in bands and the combinations of hybrids by populations in a factorial scheme 5 x 5 in each block, and spacing. Were measured morphological characters of plants, ear and yield components. The effects of hybrids and spacing were compared by Tukey test (p<0.05) and population by regression analysis. The hybrids differed in all characters measured, attributing this fact to the intrinsic characteristics of each genotype. The reduction from 90 to 45 cm did not affect most characters, with only plant height, stem diameter, weight of one thousand grains and grain yield showed variations, with the use of the reduced spacing advantageous. The increase of the population affected negatively most of the characters and yield components. The yield was influenced by the spatial arrangement, occurring different responses by hybrids. The best arrangements are: AG 9010 - 90,000 plants ha-1 with spacing of 45 cm, XB 7253 - 70,000 plants ha-1 in the two spacing; and XB 6010, XB 6012 and XB 9003 - without significant response to such arrangements, can be recommended 50,000 plants ha-1 in the two spacing
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Milho, Milho – Espaçamento, Densidade populacional, Desempenho agronômico, Zea mays (L.), Spacing, Populational density, Agronomic performance
Como citar
KAPPES, Claudinei. Desempenho de híbridos de milho em diferentes arranjos espaciais de plantas. 2010. 127 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2010.