A abordagem neoconservadora da crise na sociedade estadunidense e sua influência no governo de George W. Bush
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Data
2007-03-28
Autores
Souza, Marco Aurélio Dias de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
No final do século XX, no momento em que os Estados Unidos assumem a liderança inconteste nas relações internacionais, estudos demográficos revelam uma tendência inédita do crescimento da população não-branca. O aumento desta população faz com que setores que defendem uma sociedade multicultural e multiétnica passem a ganhar força em suas críticas aos discursos meritocráticos que vinculam o sucesso social à competitividade individual, descartando fatores associados fatores associados à discriminação de origem racial, sexual e de classe, politizando a discussão sobre o acesso aos benefícios proporcionados pelo American Way of Life. No outro extremo, encontram-se os Neoconservadores, um grupo de intelectuais que desde os anos do pós-segunda -guerra centrou suas críticas na ex- União soviética; e agora, após o fim da Guerra Fria, passa a adotar a agenda da Guerra Cultural, atacando o chamado multiculturalismo crítico, associando-o a subjugação do capitalismo democrático liberal vitorioso e ao ressentimento dos perdedores da ordem global em formação. Esta dissertação propõe uma análise da abordagem do Neoconservadorismo, partindo de quatro temas principais que se concentram em: crise da modernidade, imigração e assimilação de imigrantes, críticas e soluções ao modelo de estado de bem-estar-social existente e o papel de valores culturais na ascensão social. Para desenvolver a análise, seguem-se dois caminhos: a releitura de sua história e a análise das obras de alguns dos principais nomes desta corrente intelectual, Allan Bloom, Gertrude Himmelfarb, John Fonte, Linda Chavez, Charles Murray e Francis Fukuyama.
At the end of the XX century, just at the same time as the United States became the incontest leader in the international relationships, demographic studies have revealed the inedit trend not-white people growth. As a consequence of this increase, some sectors that defended multicultural and multiethnic society have improved its criticism to the meritocratic speech that associated the social success to the individual competitivity. More than that, factors related discrimination either racial, sexual or class have been discarded giving rise to a quarrel centered on the accessibility to benefits generated by American Way of Life. In the other extremity, the Neoconsertives, a group of intellectuals that since the after-second - war time has criticized the Ex-Soviet Union; and after the end of Cold War has adopted the Cultural War schedule, attacked the critical multiculturalism by associating it to the subjugation of the winner liberal democratic capitalism and to the resentment of that have lost the global order in phase of formation. In this work, one approach of the Neoconservatism is analyzed from four main subjects: the modernity crisis, the immigration and its assimilation, the criticism and the solutions to the welfare state model and the role of cultural values on the social ascension. To reach these discussions, two ways of analysis have been followed: the history of this movement was reviewed and some works from the main intellectual associated workers, like as Allan Bloom, Gertrude Himmelfarb, John Fonte, Linda Chavez, Charles Murray and Francis Fukuyama, were took into a careful analysis.
At the end of the XX century, just at the same time as the United States became the incontest leader in the international relationships, demographic studies have revealed the inedit trend not-white people growth. As a consequence of this increase, some sectors that defended multicultural and multiethnic society have improved its criticism to the meritocratic speech that associated the social success to the individual competitivity. More than that, factors related discrimination either racial, sexual or class have been discarded giving rise to a quarrel centered on the accessibility to benefits generated by American Way of Life. In the other extremity, the Neoconsertives, a group of intellectuals that since the after-second - war time has criticized the Ex-Soviet Union; and after the end of Cold War has adopted the Cultural War schedule, attacked the critical multiculturalism by associating it to the subjugation of the winner liberal democratic capitalism and to the resentment of that have lost the global order in phase of formation. In this work, one approach of the Neoconservatism is analyzed from four main subjects: the modernity crisis, the immigration and its assimilation, the criticism and the solutions to the welfare state model and the role of cultural values on the social ascension. To reach these discussions, two ways of analysis have been followed: the history of this movement was reviewed and some works from the main intellectual associated workers, like as Allan Bloom, Gertrude Himmelfarb, John Fonte, Linda Chavez, Charles Murray and Francis Fukuyama, were took into a careful analysis.
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Palavras-chave
Multiculturalismo, Conservantismo, Sociologia, Estados Unidos Condições econômicas, Estados Unidos Política e governo
Como citar
SOUZA, Marco Aurélio Dias de. A abordagem neoconservadora da crise na sociedade estadunidense e sua influência no governo de George W. Bush. 2006. 108 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Araraquara, 2006.