Análise comparativa de variáveis biomecânicas entre as mulheres idosas caidoras e não caidoras
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Data
2012-05-30
Autores
Crozara, Luciano Fernandes [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Alterações de força e potência muscular, nível elevado de cocontração, desequilíbrio de força entre músculos antagonistas, respostas motoras inadequadas, especialmente nos membros inferiores, estão associadas ao envelhecimento. Tais fatores podem estar relacionados às perdas de capacidades funcionais e ao aumento do risco de quedas na população idosa. Diante deste fato extremamente comprometedor para a qualidade de vida desta população, os objetivos do presente estudo foram: (1) comparar a capacidade de produzir torque e potência nas articulações do joelho e tornozelo entre mulheres jovens, idosas caidoras e não caidoras; (2) comparar o torque máximo, a taxa de desenvolvimento de força (TDF), a taxa de aumento do sinal eletromiográfico (TAEMG) e o tempo de reação sensório-motora entre mulheres jovens, idosas caidoras e não caidoras; (3) comparar o nível de cocontração, a razão eletromiográfica e a razão de força entre músculos agonistas e antagonista das articulações de joelho e tornozelo entre mulheres jovens, idosas caidoras e não caidoras. Para cada objetivo proposto é apresentado um artigo, nos quais foram avaliados 63 indivíduos que se voluntariaram para o estudo, sendo: 18 mulheres jovens, 22 mulheres idosas com histórico de quedas nos últimos doze meses pregressos ao estudo e 23 mulheres idosas sem histórico de quedas nos últimos doze meses pregressos ao estudo. Entre as participantes idosas foram realizados os testes funcionais escala de equilíbrio de Berg (EEB) e teste de sentar e levantar (TSL). Para a aquisição das variáveis foi utilizado um dinamômetro isocinético, no modo de execução concêntrico/concêntrico e isométrico para a avaliação das articulações do joelho e tornozelo em sincronia com um sistema de aquisição de sinais eletromiográficos (EMG) por telemetria...
Changes in muscle strength and power, high level of co-contraction, strength imbalance between antagonist muscles, inadequate motor responses, especially in the lower limbs, are associated with aging. Such factors may be related to loss of functional capacity and increased risk of falls in the elderly. Given this fact extremely compromising for the quality of life in this population, the objectives of this study were: (1) to compare the ability to produce power and joint torque in the knee and ankle among young females, older female fallers and nonfallers, (2) to compare the maximum torque, the rate of force development (RFD), the rate of rise in EMG (RREMG) and sensory motor reaction time among young females, older females fallers and nonfallers (3) to compare the level of co-contraction, EMG and joint torque ratio between agonists and antagonist muscles of knee and ankle joints among young females, older females fallers and nonfallers. For each objective proposed is presented a paper, which were evaluated 63 subjects who volunteered for the study, being: 18 young females, 22 older females with a history of falls in the last twelve months previous to the study and 23 older females with no history of falls in the last twelve months previous to the study. Among the older participants were conducted the tests Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and sitting and standing test (SST). For the acquisition of the data was used an isokinetic dynamometer, in concentric/concentric and isometric mode for the evaluation of knee and ankle joints in sync with an acquisition system of electromyographic signals by telemetry of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), tibialis anterior (TA) and gastrocnemius lateralis (GL). With the acquisition of these data were obtained measurements of joint torque, ratio of peak torque, power... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Changes in muscle strength and power, high level of co-contraction, strength imbalance between antagonist muscles, inadequate motor responses, especially in the lower limbs, are associated with aging. Such factors may be related to loss of functional capacity and increased risk of falls in the elderly. Given this fact extremely compromising for the quality of life in this population, the objectives of this study were: (1) to compare the ability to produce power and joint torque in the knee and ankle among young females, older female fallers and nonfallers, (2) to compare the maximum torque, the rate of force development (RFD), the rate of rise in EMG (RREMG) and sensory motor reaction time among young females, older females fallers and nonfallers (3) to compare the level of co-contraction, EMG and joint torque ratio between agonists and antagonist muscles of knee and ankle joints among young females, older females fallers and nonfallers. For each objective proposed is presented a paper, which were evaluated 63 subjects who volunteered for the study, being: 18 young females, 22 older females with a history of falls in the last twelve months previous to the study and 23 older females with no history of falls in the last twelve months previous to the study. Among the older participants were conducted the tests Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and sitting and standing test (SST). For the acquisition of the data was used an isokinetic dynamometer, in concentric/concentric and isometric mode for the evaluation of knee and ankle joints in sync with an acquisition system of electromyographic signals by telemetry of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), tibialis anterior (TA) and gastrocnemius lateralis (GL). With the acquisition of these data were obtained measurements of joint torque, ratio of peak torque, power... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biomecânica, Mulheres idosas - Quedas, Capacidade motora
Como citar
CROZARA, Luciano Fernandes. Análise comparativa de variáveis biomecânicas entre as mulheres idosas caidoras e não caidoras. 2012. 90 f. Dissertação - (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Rio Claro, 2012.