Interdiscursividade e ironia em São Bernardo de Graciliano Ramos
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Data
2010-02-18
Autores
Gonçalves, Rogério Gustavo [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho consiste no estudo sobre o discurso do narrador8protagonista em sua interação com as demais personagens e com o narratário no romance São Bernardo, de Graciliano Ramos. As formulações teóricas de Mikhail Bakhtin (189581975) em relação à prosa de ficção têm como eixo norteador uma concepção dialógica tanto das idéias quanto da linguagem veiculadas pela narrativa. O dialogismo constitutivo do conteúdo e da forma literária situa8se como um fenômeno que se concretiza em relação ao “outro”, sendo fruto de fatores de caráter extraliterário. O objetivo do trabalho é evidenciar as transformações que ocorrem na relação enunciador/enunciatário, no decorrer da narrativa, concomitantes às mudanças ocorridas na caracterização psicológica do protagonista Paulo Honório. Para isso, consideramos, a partir das definições de Bakhtin, que o discurso inicialmente convicto e manipulador deste narrador possui características predominantemente “monológicas” e que, a partir da interferência da personagem Madalena como um “outro”, portadora de uma consciência independente, esse discurso tem o seu caráter “dialógico” acentuado. Identificamos os elementos e estratégias discursivas que caracterizam essas duas instâncias no texto, interpretando a interdiscursividade que se instaura nesse processo de mudança como representação do conflito entre ideologias sociais opostas. A partir do confronto entre os discursos ideológicos, buscamos reconhecer em Paulo Honório, com o desfecho trágico, a vítima de sua própria concepção materialista de vida, pois, com o suicídio de Madalena, ele percebe que o que almejava não se baseia em valores autênticos, revelando a presença da ironia, no texto, como técnica narrativa com função crítica.
This is a study on the protagonist8narrator's discourse in its interaction with the other characters and with the narratary in the novel São Bernardo, by Graciliano Ramos. Mikhail Bakhtin's theoretical formulations (189581975) about the fictional prose have a dialogic conception as much the ideas as the language transmitted by the narrative. The constitutive dialogism of the literary content and form is situated as a phenomenon that realizes itself in relation to the other, being product of factors of extra literary content. The objective of the work is to evidence the transformations that happen in the relationship between the enunciator and the enunciatary, in the course of the narrative, concomitant to the changes happened in the protagonist Paulo Honório psychological characterization. For this, I have considered, based on the Bakhtin’s definitions, that the initially convict and manipulator discourse of this narrator possess characteristics predominantly “monologics and that, starting from the character Madalena’s interference like “other”, a bearer of an independent conscience, the narrator discourse has its “dialogic” character accentuated. I have identified the discursive strategies and elements that characterize these two instances in the text, interpreting the interaction between discourses that is established in that changing process as the representation of the conflict among opposite social ideologies. Based on the confrontation among the ideological discourses, I have recognized in Paulo Honório, with the tragic ending, the victim of his own materialistic conception of life, because, with the suicide of Madalena, he realizes that what he longed for is not based on authentic values, revealing the presence of the irony, in the text, as narrative technique with critical function.
This is a study on the protagonist8narrator's discourse in its interaction with the other characters and with the narratary in the novel São Bernardo, by Graciliano Ramos. Mikhail Bakhtin's theoretical formulations (189581975) about the fictional prose have a dialogic conception as much the ideas as the language transmitted by the narrative. The constitutive dialogism of the literary content and form is situated as a phenomenon that realizes itself in relation to the other, being product of factors of extra literary content. The objective of the work is to evidence the transformations that happen in the relationship between the enunciator and the enunciatary, in the course of the narrative, concomitant to the changes happened in the protagonist Paulo Honório psychological characterization. For this, I have considered, based on the Bakhtin’s definitions, that the initially convict and manipulator discourse of this narrator possess characteristics predominantly “monologics and that, starting from the character Madalena’s interference like “other”, a bearer of an independent conscience, the narrator discourse has its “dialogic” character accentuated. I have identified the discursive strategies and elements that characterize these two instances in the text, interpreting the interaction between discourses that is established in that changing process as the representation of the conflict among opposite social ideologies. Based on the confrontation among the ideological discourses, I have recognized in Paulo Honório, with the tragic ending, the victim of his own materialistic conception of life, because, with the suicide of Madalena, he realizes that what he longed for is not based on authentic values, revealing the presence of the irony, in the text, as narrative technique with critical function.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ramos, Graciliano, 1892-1953. São Bernardo - Crítica e interpretação, Literatura brasileira - História e crítica, Análise do discurso narrativo, Ironia na literatura, Narrator, Dialogism, Monologism, Irony
Como citar
GONÇALVES, Rogério Gustavo. Interdiscursividade e ironia em São Bernardo de Graciliano Ramos. 2010. 149 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2010.