Avaliação do potencial invasivo de espécies não-nativas utilizadas em plantio de restauração de matas ciliares
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Data
2012-01-27
Autores
Assis, Geissianny Bessão de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A restauração de ecossistemas vem ganhando espaço em todo o mundo e, no Brasil, o modelo mais amplamente utilizado tem sido o plantio de espécies arbóreas em alta diversidade. Embora a recomendação seja de que se utilizem exclusivamente espécies nativas, a dificuldade de identificá-las e de se encontrarem mudas disponíveis resulta que em muitos plantios existem espécies não-nativas, as quais oferecem a ameaça potencial de invasão biológica. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar o potencial invasivo das espécies arbóreas não-nativas que têm sido plantadas para a restauração de matas ciliares em região de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual - FES, com base na estrutura de suas populações e em sua contribuição para as comunidades em restauração. Selecionamos 25 plantios de matas ciliares situados na bacia do rio Paraná, com idades variando entre quatro e 53 anos. Em cada local efetuamos o levantamento da comunidade arbustivo-arbórea em área total de 1.000 m2, dividida em 10 parcelas de 100 m2, aleatoriamente distribuídas dentro da faixa de 0 a 50 m de distância da margem do corpo d‟água. Identificamos e contabilizamos todos os indivíduos de espécies arbóreas e arbustivas, plantadas ou regenerantes, a partir de 50 cm de altura, agrupando-os em três classes de tamanho segundo o diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP < 1 cm, 1 cm < DAP < 5 cm e DAP > 5 cm). Classificamos os indivíduos em plantados ou regenerantes com base no alinhamento do plantio, evidente mesmo em plantios mais antigos. No total, amostramos 18.421 indivíduos, pertencentes a 320 espécies, das quais 83 (26%) não eram nativas da região estudada. Com relação à origem das espécies amostradas nos plantios, 65% são nativas de FES, 19% são nativas de outras formações vegetacionais brasileiras e 16% são...
The restoration of the ecosystems has been increasing worldwide. The most widely used model in Brazil has been the planting of the high diversity tree species. Although the recommendation it is planting only native species during restoration, the difficulty to identify them and to find seedlings available, result in many planting are found non-native species, which offer the potential threat of biological invasion. The purpose of this study was to analyze the potential of invasive non-native tree species that have been planted to riparian forests restoration in the region of semideciduous forest, based on the structure of their populations in regeneration. We selected 25 areas in restoration, of the aged between 4 and 53 years after planting. At each site we carried out the floristic inventory in the total area of 1.000 m2, divided into ten plots randomly distributed, within the range of 0 to 50 m away from the edge of the water body. Identify and account for individuals of all tree and shrub species present in the understory, from 50 cm tall, grouped into three size classes by diameter at breast height (DBH < 1 cm, 1 cm < DBH < 5 cm and DBH > 5 cm) . We classify the species planted and regenerating based on the alignment of planting, evident even in the oldest plantation. In total, 18.421 individuals sampled, belonging to 320 species. Regarding the origin of the species in plantations, 65% are native FES, 19% are of other native vegetation formations in Brazil and 16% are from other countries. Only three areas were not planted non-native species. In other areas, non-native species were used in varying proportions, to a maximum of 54% of all species sampled from planted trees in a community restoration. The proportion of individuals of non-native species from regenerating plants (12%) was lower than XIV the proportion... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The restoration of the ecosystems has been increasing worldwide. The most widely used model in Brazil has been the planting of the high diversity tree species. Although the recommendation it is planting only native species during restoration, the difficulty to identify them and to find seedlings available, result in many planting are found non-native species, which offer the potential threat of biological invasion. The purpose of this study was to analyze the potential of invasive non-native tree species that have been planted to riparian forests restoration in the region of semideciduous forest, based on the structure of their populations in regeneration. We selected 25 areas in restoration, of the aged between 4 and 53 years after planting. At each site we carried out the floristic inventory in the total area of 1.000 m2, divided into ten plots randomly distributed, within the range of 0 to 50 m away from the edge of the water body. Identify and account for individuals of all tree and shrub species present in the understory, from 50 cm tall, grouped into three size classes by diameter at breast height (DBH < 1 cm, 1 cm < DBH < 5 cm and DBH > 5 cm) . We classify the species planted and regenerating based on the alignment of planting, evident even in the oldest plantation. In total, 18.421 individuals sampled, belonging to 320 species. Regarding the origin of the species in plantations, 65% are native FES, 19% are of other native vegetation formations in Brazil and 16% are from other countries. Only three areas were not planted non-native species. In other areas, non-native species were used in varying proportions, to a maximum of 54% of all species sampled from planted trees in a community restoration. The proportion of individuals of non-native species from regenerating plants (12%) was lower than XIV the proportion... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Recuperação ecológica, Mata ciliar, Ecossistemas - Restauração, Forest restoration, Ecosystems - Restoration
Como citar
ASSIS, Geissianny Bessão de. Avaliação do potencial invasivo de espécies não-nativas utilizadas em plantio de restauração de matas ciliares. 2012. xiv, 104 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2012.