Características anatômicas foliares e morfológicas de quatro espécies de gramas sob aplicação de trinexapac-ethyl
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Data
2007-06-29
Autores
Costa, Neumárcio Vilanova da [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar os efeitos da aplicação seqüencial de duas doses de trinexapac-ethyl sobre a anatomia foliar e a morfologia da planta das espécies de gramas São Carlos (Axonopus compressus), Batatais (Paspalum notatum), Santo Agostinho (Stenotaphrum secundatum) e Esmeralda (Zoysia japonica). Os tratamentos utilizados foram constituídos de duas aplicações seqüenciais de trinexapac-ethyl na dose de 56,5+56,5 e 113,0+113,0 g ha-1, além de uma testemunha sem aplicação, para cada espécie avaliada. Os gramados foram cortados com auxílio de um aparador de grama motorizado à altura de 3 cm e em seguida foram realizadas as aplicações dos tratamentos. Após 20 dias da primeira aplicação dos tratamentos, as parcelas foram novamente aparadas à altura de 3 cm e foi realizada a segunda aplicação dos tratamentos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. A redução de crescimento foi avaliada através da medição direta da altura das plantas com régua graduada em centímetros. O número e altura de inflorescências emitidas foram avaliados por amostragem realizada em 0,25 m2 no centro das parcelas, semanalmente. Também foi amostrada a massa seca total produzida pelos tratamentos durante todo o período de condução do experimento. Aos 110 dias após a segunda aplicação dos tratamentos foram realizadas as amostragens do material foliar, para as quatro espécies estudadas. Com relação às estruturas presentes no limbo foliar, foram quantificados os seguintes caracteres anatômicos das regiões da nervura central e internervural: epiderme das faces adaxial e abaxial, feixe vascular, bainha do feixe vascular (=endoderme), esclerênquima, parênquima e espessura foliar. Foi também determinado, na região internervural, o número de feixes vasculares presentes na estrutura foliar, bem como realizada...
The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of sequential application in two rates of trinexapac-ethyl in leaf anatomy and plant morphology of the following turfgrass species: Broadleaf Carpetgrass (Axonopus compressus), Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum), St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum) and Korean Lawngrass (Zoysia japonica). The treatments used were trinexapac-ethyl with two sprays applied with 20 days interval in two different rates (56,5+56,5 and 113,0+113,0 g ha-1) and a control without spraying, for each evaluated species. The turfgrasses were cut off with a motorized cutter of grass to the 3 cm height, and after the treatments were sprayed. 20 days after the first treatments application, the plots were cut again and the second application of treatments was made. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks with four replications. The growth reduction was evaluated through the direct measurement of the height of plants with a ruler graduated in centimeters. The number and height of emitted flowers had been evaluated by sampling carried through in 0,25 m2 in the plots center, weekly. The total dry matter produced by the treatments during the experimental period conduction was sampled. Samples of the foliar material from the four studied species were made at 110 days after second application. For anatomy characterizations were studied anatomic structure presented at leaf blade and the following structures were quantitative evaluated: adaxial and abaxial epidermal faces, vascular bundles (= endoderm), esclerenchyma, parenchyma and leaf thickness. Also the vascular beam number was determined in the internervural region presented in the leaf structure, as well as carried through the counting of the number of stomata of the faces adaxial and abaxial of the epidermis. The data of leaf anatomical characters and quantitative... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of sequential application in two rates of trinexapac-ethyl in leaf anatomy and plant morphology of the following turfgrass species: Broadleaf Carpetgrass (Axonopus compressus), Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum), St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum) and Korean Lawngrass (Zoysia japonica). The treatments used were trinexapac-ethyl with two sprays applied with 20 days interval in two different rates (56,5+56,5 and 113,0+113,0 g ha-1) and a control without spraying, for each evaluated species. The turfgrasses were cut off with a motorized cutter of grass to the 3 cm height, and after the treatments were sprayed. 20 days after the first treatments application, the plots were cut again and the second application of treatments was made. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks with four replications. The growth reduction was evaluated through the direct measurement of the height of plants with a ruler graduated in centimeters. The number and height of emitted flowers had been evaluated by sampling carried through in 0,25 m2 in the plots center, weekly. The total dry matter produced by the treatments during the experimental period conduction was sampled. Samples of the foliar material from the four studied species were made at 110 days after second application. For anatomy characterizations were studied anatomic structure presented at leaf blade and the following structures were quantitative evaluated: adaxial and abaxial epidermal faces, vascular bundles (= endoderm), esclerenchyma, parenchyma and leaf thickness. Also the vascular beam number was determined in the internervural region presented in the leaf structure, as well as carried through the counting of the number of stomata of the faces adaxial and abaxial of the epidermis. The data of leaf anatomical characters and quantitative... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Reguladores de crescimento, Gramínea, Anatomia vegetal, Botânica - Morfologia, Analise multivariada, Multivariate analysis, Morphology (Plants), Anatomy of plants, Gramineae, Growth regulators
Como citar
COSTA, Neumárcio Vilanova da. Características anatômicas foliares e morfológicas de quatro espécies de gramas sob aplicação de trinexapac-ethyl. 2007. vi, 117 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2007.