ZONING OF CLIMATIC PARAMETERS TO THE PARANA SLOPE OF ITARARE WATERSHED

Abstract

The climate works as an energy input to the watershed and plays the role of controlling and influencing various components of the dynamics socio-environmental of this spatial cutout. Thus, the present study aims to propose the climatic zoning of the study area and identify potential environmental problems arising from different climatic regimes. Were obtained the annual and monthly rain data of thirteen rain gauge stations along with the Parana Institute of Water and the weather station Joaquim Tavora, which belongs to the Agronomic Institute of Parana, for the time segment from 1976 to 2012. The following methodologies were used: erosivity indices of Rufino, Biscaia and Merten (1993); Temperature estimates provided by the University of Delaware (2014); climatic water balance of Thornthwaite and Mather (1955). The climatic zoning made it possible to examine the relation between the climatic characteristics and the social-environmental components of the study area. The climate zone IV requires attention for presenting the highest rainfall erosivity besides the exposed soil, factors that evince the greatest vulnerability to erosion. The climate zona I presents significant occupancy of pastures and temporary crops, and the warning of the possibility of deficiency water demonstrates a vulnerability to these economic activities.