Bioindicadores neotropicais deecotoxicidade e risco ambiental de fármacosde interesse para aquicultura

Abstract

The aims of this research wereto evaluate the acute toxicity(LC/EC50) and the environmental riskof toltrazuril(TOL) andflorfenicol (FFC) forplant Lemna minor, snail Pomacea canalicuta,fishPiaractus mesopotamicusandHyphessobrycon equesandthe microcrustaceanDaphnia magna. The organisms were acclimated in room bioassay with controlled temperature according to standardto each one. They were exposed at nominal concentrationsin static system. For environmental risk(RQ) wasused the estimated environmental concentration (EEC)that is the dosage indicate to treatment and the lethal or effective concentration (LC/CE50) from each drug in acute exposure. FFC showed LC50;7d of97.03 mg L-1forL. minor; >100.0 mg L-1 forP. mesopotamicusandH. equesandEC50;48h > 100.0 mg L-1forP. canaliculataandD. magna, and it was classified low risk(RQ =0.01) for all bioindicators. TOL howedLC50;7d >100.0 mg L-1forL. minor, 3.72 mg L-1forP. mesopotamicus;6.22 mg L-1forH. equesandCE50;48h of7.59 mg L-1forP. canaliculataand 18.57mg L-1 forD. magna,and it was classified low risk (RQ = 0.01) forL. minorand high risk forP. mesopotamicus (RQ= 2.68), H. eques (RQ= 6.22), P. canaliculata(RQ= 1.31)and D. magna(RQ=0.53). Lemnaminorwas the bioindicator indicatingof FFC toxicity andH. eques,bioindicator of theTOL. FFC is safety howeverand the use of TOL necessaries cautionsto treat the wastewater before discard on the environment.