Yield of white and red grapes, in terms of quality, from hybrids and Vitis labrusca grafted on different rootstocks

Abstract

The current study aimed to evaluate the productive components and physicochemical traits of white and red grapes from hybrids and Vitis labrusca grafted on different rootstocks under Brazilian subtropical conditions. Red grapes varieties (‘Isabel’, ‘Bordô’, ‘IAC 138-22 Máximo’ and ‘BRS Violeta’) and white grapes varieties (‘IAC 116-31 Rainha’, ‘IAC 21-14 Madalena’ and ‘BRS Lorena’) were grafted on two rootstocks (‘IAC 766’ and ‘106-8 Mgt’) and therefore assessed during cultivation. The 14 scion-rootstock combinations were analysed during four consecutive harvests (from 2011 to 2014) for yield components (number of bunches, yield per vine, and productivity) and physicochemical traits of bunches and berries (fresh mass, length and width of bunchs, berries and rachis, soluble solids content, pH, titratable acidity and maturity index of grape must). Results showed that ‘IAC 138-22 Máximo’ was the most productive hybrid, but also presented low soluble solids content and high titratable acidity. Regarding to white grapes varieties, ‘BRS Lorena’ performed the highest yield associated with high sugar content in grapes. Rootstocks influenced some grapevine traits, but with variations among the grape varieties. In general, in terms of yield and physicochemical characteristics of the grapes, the cultivars ‘IAC 138-22 Máximo’, ‘BRS Lorena’ and ‘Bordô’ presented better results grafted on ‘IAC 766’. In contrast, ‘Isabel’ and ‘IAC 116-31 Rainha’ were better combined with the ‘106-8 Mgt’. The ‘IAC 766’ and ‘106-8 Mgt’ resulted in similar performances in ‘BRS Violeta’ and ‘IAC 21-14 Madalena’, for that reason, both rootstocks may be recommended for these varieties.