Família monoparental feminina: desafios de ser mãe solo
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Data
2022-02-21
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As famílias monoparentais são cada vez mais frequentes no cenário brasileiro e apresentam várias configurações. Podem ser constituídas por mães e filhos, avós e seus netos. As famílias de uma forma geral, podem recompostas de uma segunda união e cada um com seus filhos ou novos filhos. Dentre os vários formatos de família, é expressivo o aumento de famílias compostas pela mãe e filho/s, foco desta pesquisa. De acordo com o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE, 2019), em 2015 o número de mães solo alcançou o montante de 11,6 milhões no Brasil e por “mãe solo” entende-se a não participação do homem quanto à responsabilidade afetiva ou financeira com o filho. Apesar do número significativo de lares chefiados apenas por mães, a sociedade brasileira não está isenta de preconceitos em relação a elas. Nesta pesquisa, propôs-se estudar as dificuldades destas mulheres em relação aos seguintes quesitos: mãe – filho, mãe – emprego e mãe – relacionamento. O objetivo geral foi compreender como vivenciam a experiência de conduzirem uma família sozinhas; como relacionavam a experiência de serem mães solo com a atividade profissional e seus possíveis relacionamentos amorosos. Procurou-se também refletir sobre os motivos dos olhares negativos em relação a este tipo de família monoparental e transformações importantes a serem realizadas a este respeito. Tendo como produto final a confecção de um jogo de tabuleiro, no formato de trilha o qual é colocado algumas escolhas que mães solos devem realizar em sua rotina. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio da análise de leis e livros/artigos que discutem a história da família, da mulher, de sua emancipação e estigmas sofridos, bem como pelo exame de um questionário aplicado via Google Forms a 13 mulheres de nível superior e renda fixa, do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Considerou-se algumas situações vivenciadas por mães solo em suas várias configurações, como viuvez, abandono, separação ou pela opção em ser mãe solo. Esta investigação tem relevância pela discussão que propõe a respeito da ideia da sociedade de patologizar a família monoparental corrente no campo social, definida segundo um modelo idealizado de amor e de família e pelo destaque e análise dos principais vivências enfrentados pelo grupo pesquisado de mães solo na criação e educação de seus filhos, de sua conexão com a atividade profissional e à vida amorosa da mãe, devido na amostra pesquisada, de treze mulheres pesquisadas apenas duas relataram ter uma vida amorosa. O intento foi contribuir para ampliar as discussões e conhecimento de aspectos desta realidade e da importância em se rever conceitos e práticas sociais em relação a este tema no Brasil.
Single-parents families are increasingly common the Brazilian scenario and have several configurations, They consist of the mothers and children, homosexual couples and their children, grandparents and their grandchildren, families composed of a second union and each one with their children or new children. Among, these, there is a significant increase in families composed of the mother and children, the focus of the research. According to the Brazilian Institute of Geographic and Statistics (IBGE, 2019), in the 2015the number of single mothers reached amount of 11.6 million in Brazil and by “solo mother” is understood the non participation of the men in terms of responsibility affective, or financial relationship with the child. Despite the significant number households headed only by mothers, Brazilian society is not exempt from prejudice against them. In this research, it was proposed to map the difficulties of these women in relation to the following questions: mothers -child, mother-job and mother relationship. The objective was to understand was how they live the experience of leading a family alone; how the equate the experience of being a single mother with their professional activity and their possible love relationship to single-parents families formed by mothers and children and possible paths for social change in relation to this The research was carried out trough the analysis of laws and books/articles that discuss the history of the family, the woman, her emancipation and stigmas suffered, as well as the examination of the questionnaire applied via Google Forms to middle-class women from the countryside of the State of São Paulo. Some situations experience by single mothers in they various configurations were considered, such as widowhood, abandonment, separation or the option of being a single mother. This investigation is relevant for discussion it proposes about the idea of the dysfunctionality of the single-parent family current the social field, defined according to an idealized model of love and families and for the highlight and analysis of the main problems faced by the researched group of children and education of their children, their connection to their mother’s professional activity and love live. The intent was to contribute to broadening the discussions and knowledge of aspects of this reality and the importance of reviewing social concepts and practices in relations to this topic in Brazil
Single-parents families are increasingly common the Brazilian scenario and have several configurations, They consist of the mothers and children, homosexual couples and their children, grandparents and their grandchildren, families composed of a second union and each one with their children or new children. Among, these, there is a significant increase in families composed of the mother and children, the focus of the research. According to the Brazilian Institute of Geographic and Statistics (IBGE, 2019), in the 2015the number of single mothers reached amount of 11.6 million in Brazil and by “solo mother” is understood the non participation of the men in terms of responsibility affective, or financial relationship with the child. Despite the significant number households headed only by mothers, Brazilian society is not exempt from prejudice against them. In this research, it was proposed to map the difficulties of these women in relation to the following questions: mothers -child, mother-job and mother relationship. The objective was to understand was how they live the experience of leading a family alone; how the equate the experience of being a single mother with their professional activity and their possible love relationship to single-parents families formed by mothers and children and possible paths for social change in relation to this The research was carried out trough the analysis of laws and books/articles that discuss the history of the family, the woman, her emancipation and stigmas suffered, as well as the examination of the questionnaire applied via Google Forms to middle-class women from the countryside of the State of São Paulo. Some situations experience by single mothers in they various configurations were considered, such as widowhood, abandonment, separation or the option of being a single mother. This investigation is relevant for discussion it proposes about the idea of the dysfunctionality of the single-parent family current the social field, defined according to an idealized model of love and families and for the highlight and analysis of the main problems faced by the researched group of children and education of their children, their connection to their mother’s professional activity and love live. The intent was to contribute to broadening the discussions and knowledge of aspects of this reality and the importance of reviewing social concepts and practices in relations to this topic in Brazil
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Palavras-chave
Monoparentalidade feminina, Mães solo, Família, Brasil, Family, Female Monoparenthood, Solo Moms