Conhecimento, atitude e prática sobre prevenção do câncer de mama por mulheres no Brasil: uma revisão de escopo
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Data
2023-02-24
Autores
Lucena, Mona Macedo
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O câncer de mama é a neoplasia maligna mais frequente no sexo feminino na faixa etária entre 40 e 69 anos, sendo a principal causa de morte entre as mulheres no Brasil. Fatores como o conhecimento limitado sobre o câncer de mama podem estar associados ao atraso na detecção precoce e tratamento. O objetivo desta revisão de escopo é examinar e mapear os estudos que avaliaram os conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas das mulheres no Brasil em relação a prevenção secundária do câncer de mama. A revisão incluiu estudos primários, realizados em território brasileiro, em diferentes contextos e que incluem mulheres com e/ou sem câncer de mama. Foi realizada uma extensa busca em múltiplas bases de dados para identificar pesquisas publicadas na língua espanhola, francesa, inglesa, italiana e portuguesa e não estabelecidos limites quanto à data das publicações. A extração dos dados foi realizada por dois revisores utilizando um instrumento padronizado para a coleta. Os resultados mostraram que a temática mapeada sobre prevenção secundária vem sendo melhor explorada nos últimos anos, ressaltando a escassez de pesquisas em estados do Norte e Centro-Oeste do Brasil. A presente revisão evidencia uma lacuna quanto avaliação da estratégia de breast awareness. Também observou-se que as mulheres muitas vezes não tinham conhecimento adequado sobre métodos de rastreamento. Esta revisão apontou evidências de alta prevalência da prática relacionada a prevenção secundária em todas as participantes incluídas nos estudos. Entretanto, ainda existe uma lacuna significativa na avaliação da atitude em relação aos métodos de rastreamento.
Breast cancer is the most frequent malignant neoplasm in females aged between 40 and 69 years, being the main cause of death among women in Brazil. Factors such as limited knowledge about breast cancer may be associated with delay in early detection and treatment. The aim of this scoping review is to examine and map studies that assessed the knowledge, attitudes and practices of women in Brazil regarding secondary prevention of breast cancer. The review included primary studies, carried out in Brazil, in different contexts and including women with and/or without breast cancer. An extensive search was carried out in multiple databases to identify research published in Spanish, French, English, Italian and Portuguese and no limits were established regarding the date of publications. Data extraction was performed by two reviewers using a standardized instrument for data collection. The results showed that the mapped theme on secondary prevention has been better explored in recent years, highlighting the scarcity of research in the North and Midwest regions of Brazil. The present review highlights a gap regarding the assess of the breast awareness strategy. It was also observed that women often did not have adequate knowledge about screening methods. This review pointed to evidence of high prevalence of practices related to secondary prevention in all participants included in the studies. However, there is still a significant gap in assessing attitudes towards screening methods.
Breast cancer is the most frequent malignant neoplasm in females aged between 40 and 69 years, being the main cause of death among women in Brazil. Factors such as limited knowledge about breast cancer may be associated with delay in early detection and treatment. The aim of this scoping review is to examine and map studies that assessed the knowledge, attitudes and practices of women in Brazil regarding secondary prevention of breast cancer. The review included primary studies, carried out in Brazil, in different contexts and including women with and/or without breast cancer. An extensive search was carried out in multiple databases to identify research published in Spanish, French, English, Italian and Portuguese and no limits were established regarding the date of publications. Data extraction was performed by two reviewers using a standardized instrument for data collection. The results showed that the mapped theme on secondary prevention has been better explored in recent years, highlighting the scarcity of research in the North and Midwest regions of Brazil. The present review highlights a gap regarding the assess of the breast awareness strategy. It was also observed that women often did not have adequate knowledge about screening methods. This review pointed to evidence of high prevalence of practices related to secondary prevention in all participants included in the studies. However, there is still a significant gap in assessing attitudes towards screening methods.
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Palavras-chave
Brasil, Early cancer detection, Brazil, Neoplasias da mama, Conhecimentos, atitudes e prática em saúde, Detecção precoce de câncer, Breast neoplasms, Knowledge, attitudes and practice in health