Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Glycolic Extract Protects Liver Mitochondria from Oxidative Damage and Prevents Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity

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dc.contributor.authorGuimarães, Natalia S. S.
dc.contributor.authorRamos, Vyctória S.
dc.contributor.authorPrado-Souza, Laura F. L.
dc.contributor.authorLopes, Rayssa M.
dc.contributor.authorArini, Gabriel S.
dc.contributor.authorFeitosa, Luís G. P.
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Ricardo R.
dc.contributor.authorNantes, Iseli L.
dc.contributor.authorDamasceno, Debora C. [UNESP]
dc.contributor.authorLopes, Norberto P.
dc.contributor.authorRodrigues, Tiago
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of Mogi das Cruzes (UMC)
dc.contributor.institutionFederal University of ABC
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade de São Paulo (USP)
dc.contributor.institutionUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
dc.date.accessioned2023-07-29T13:49:11Z
dc.date.available2023-07-29T13:49:11Z
dc.date.issued2023-03-01
dc.description.abstractRosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary) is an aromatic culinary herb. Native to the Mediterranean region, it is currently cultivated worldwide. In addition to its use as a condiment in food preparation and in teas, rosemary has been widely employed in folk medicine and cosmetics. Several beneficial effects have been described for rosemary, including antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Here, we investigated the mechanisms accounting for the antioxidant activity of the glycolic extract of R. officinalis (Ro) in isolated rat liver mitochondria (RLM) under oxidative stress conditions. We also investigated its protective effect against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in vivo. A crude extract was obtained by fractionated percolation, using propylene glycol as a solvent due to its polarity and cosmeceutical compatibility. The quantification of substances with recognized antioxidant action revealed the presence of phenols and flavonoids. Dereplication studies carried out through LC-MS/MS and GC-MS, supported by The Global Natural Product Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) platform, annotated several phenolic compounds, confirming the previous observation. In accordance, Ro decreased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) elicited by Fe2+ or t-BOOH and inhibited the lipid peroxidation of mitochondrial membranes in a concentration-dependent manner in RLM. Such an effect was also observed in liposomes as membrane models. Ro also prevented the oxidation of mitochondrial protein thiol groups and reduced glutathione (GSH). In model systems, Ro exhibited a potent scavenger activity toward 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals and superoxide anions. It also demonstrated an Fe2+ chelating activity. Moreover, Ro did not exhibit cytotoxicity or dissipate the mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψ) in rat liver fibroblasts (BRL3A cells). To evaluate whether such antioxidant protective activity observed in vitro could also be achieved in vivo, a well-established model of hepatotoxicity induced by acute exposure to acetaminophen (AAP) was used. This model depletes GSH and promotes oxidative-stress-mediated tissue damage. The treatment of rats with 0.05% Ro, administered intraperitoneally for four days, resulted in inhibition of AAP-induced lipid peroxidation of the liver and the prevention of hepatotoxicity, maintaining alanine and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT/AST) levels equal to those of the normal, non-treated rats. Together, these findings highlight the potent antioxidant activity of rosemary, which is able to protect mitochondria from oxidative damage in vitro, and effects such as the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects observed in vivo.en
dc.description.affiliationInterdisciplinary Center of Biochemistry Investigation University of Mogi das Cruzes (UMC), SP
dc.description.affiliationCenter for Natural and Human Sciences Federal University of ABC, SP
dc.description.affiliationNPPNS Department of Biomolecular Sciences Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo, SP
dc.description.affiliationLaboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), SP
dc.description.affiliationUnespLaboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), SP
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12030628
dc.identifier.citationAntioxidants, v. 12, n. 3, 2023.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/antiox12030628
dc.identifier.issn2076-3921
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85151524500
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11449/248624
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofAntioxidants
dc.sourceScopus
dc.subjectacetaminophen
dc.subjectantioxidant
dc.subjecthepatoprotection
dc.subjectmitochondria
dc.subjectoxidative stress
dc.subjectrosemary
dc.titleRosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Glycolic Extract Protects Liver Mitochondria from Oxidative Damage and Prevents Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicityen
dc.typeArtigo
unesp.author.orcid0000-0003-3700-3670[4]
unesp.author.orcid0000-0002-8159-3658[10]
unesp.author.orcid0000-0003-1277-0224[11]

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