Melatonin and ethanol intake exert opposite effects on circulating estradiol and progesterone and differentially regulate sex steroid receptors in the ovaries, oviducts, and uteri of adult rats
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2013-08-01
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Chronic ethanol intake is associated with sex hormone disturbances, and it is well known that melatonin plays a key role in regulating several reproductive processes. We report the effects of ethanol intake and melatonin treatment (at doses of 100. μg/100. g. BW/day) on sex hormones and steroid receptors in the ovaries, oviducts and uteri of ethanol-preferring rats. After 150 days of treatment, animals were euthanized, and tissue samples were harvested to evaluate androgen, estrogen, progesterone and melatonin receptor subunits (AR, ER-α and ER-β, PRA, PRB and MT1R, respectively). Melatonin decreased estradiol (E2) and increased progesterone (P4) and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6-STM), while an ethanol-melatonin combination reduced both P4 and E2. Ovarian AR was not influenced by either treatment, and oviduct AR was reduced after ethanol-melatonin combination. Oviduct ER-α, ER-β and uterine ER-β were down-regulated by either ethanol or melatonin. Conversely, ovarian PRA and PRB were positively regulated by ethanol and ethanol-melatonin combination, whereas PRA was down-regulated in the uterus and oviduct after ethanol consumption. MT1R was increased in ovaries and uteri of melatonin-treated rats. Ethanol and melatonin exert opposite effects on E2 and P4, and they differentially regulate the expression of sex steroid receptors in female reproductive tissues. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.
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Ethanol , Female reproductive tissue , Melatonin , Sex hormone , Sex steroid receptor , 6 hydroxymelatonin o sulfate , alcohol , androgen receptor , beta actin , daidzein , estradiol , estrogen receptor alpha , estrogen receptor beta , genistein , melatonin , melatonin 1 receptor , progesterone , progesterone receptor A , progesterone receptor B , alcohol consumption , alcoholism , animal experiment , animal tissue , controlled study , dietary intake , enzyme activity , enzyme regulation , female , nonhuman , nutritional assessment , ovary , oviduct , protein expression , protein function , rat , uterus
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Reproductive Toxicology, v. 39, p. 40-49.