Movimentos torcedores e o crescimento da extrema-direita: uma análise do futebol ucraniano
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Data
2023-12-13
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O futebol transcende o esporte e se entrelaça com a política e identidade, como exemplificado pelos ultras do Celik Zenica, unidos pela paixão pelo clube para além de fronteiras étnicas e religiosas. Ou pelo Batalhão de Azov, ligado às torcidas, que surge na luta ucraniana contra separatistas russos, destacando a fusão do nacionalismo com o esporte. Frequentemente, torcidas se envolvem em causas políticas. Este, um fenômeno de escala global, vem ganhando notoriedade com os acontecimentos ao longo dos anos. Este trabalho visa compreender a relação entre o futebol e a ascensão da extrema-direita na Ucrânia. Para isto, exploro a influência histórica do nacionalismo, fascismo e do nazismo nos grupos de torcedores de futebol. Este trabalho indica características relevantes no processo de formação dos grupos organizados ao redor do planeta, e os fatores que permeiam este processo, como o papel da mídia, a ideologia e identidade dos grupos, e a função da violência. O estudo contribuirá para a compreensão dos movimentos extremistas no futebol, além de alertar para os perigos desta associação.
Football transcends sport and intertwines with politics and identity, as exemplified by the Celik Zenica ultras, united by their passion for the club across ethnic and religious boundaries. Or the Azov Battalion, linked to the fans, which emerged in the Ukrainian struggle against Russian separatists, highlighting the fusion of nationalism and sport. Fans often get involved in political causes. This phenomenon, on a global scale, has been gaining notoriety over the years. This paper aims to understand the relationship between football and the rise of the far right in Ukraine. To do this, I explore the historical influence of nationalism, fascism and Nazism on soccer fan groups. This work indicates relevant characteristics in the process of formation of organized groups around the planet, and the factors that permeate this process, such as the role of the media, the ideology and identity of the groups, and the role of violence. The study will contribute to the understanding of extremist movements in soccer, as well as warning of the dangers of this association.
Football transcends sport and intertwines with politics and identity, as exemplified by the Celik Zenica ultras, united by their passion for the club across ethnic and religious boundaries. Or the Azov Battalion, linked to the fans, which emerged in the Ukrainian struggle against Russian separatists, highlighting the fusion of nationalism and sport. Fans often get involved in political causes. This phenomenon, on a global scale, has been gaining notoriety over the years. This paper aims to understand the relationship between football and the rise of the far right in Ukraine. To do this, I explore the historical influence of nationalism, fascism and Nazism on soccer fan groups. This work indicates relevant characteristics in the process of formation of organized groups around the planet, and the factors that permeate this process, such as the role of the media, the ideology and identity of the groups, and the role of violence. The study will contribute to the understanding of extremist movements in soccer, as well as warning of the dangers of this association.
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Torcidas, Ucrânia, Fans, Ukraine, Fascismo, Fascism, Nazismo, Nazism, Torcedores, Futebol, Football, Soccer, Supporters, Fandom, Nationalism, Nacionalismo, Rússia