Eficácia do treinamento aeróbico em pacientes oncológicos: revisão sistemática e metanálise
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2020-02-21
Autores
Agustini, Samantha Pellison
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Introdução: A incidência do câncer mostra números crescentes, porém, a estimativa de sobreviventes aumentou significativamente devido aos diagnósticos precoces e tratamentos. Os tratamentos adjuvantes utilizados provocam efeitos colaterais como fadiga, atingindo as funções musculares e cardiorrespiratórias e a qualidade de vida. Para combater os efeitos colaterais, tem sido utilizado a prática de exercícios aeróbicos, caracterizada como uma terapia de suporte agindo nas inflamações crônicas, além de ser considerada, mantenedora de saúde em longo prazo para a sobrevivência. Objetivo: Analisar a eficácia do treinamento aeróbico em pacientes oncológicos. Método: Conduzida uma revisão sistemática de ensaios clínicos randomizados sendo avaliados os desfechos: condicionamento físico, qualidade de vida, fadiga, efeitos adversos e adesão ao treinamento. Todas as buscas foram conduzidas sem restrição de idiomas e nas datas de 2007 a 2017 com atualização em 2019 nas seguintes bases de dados: PUBMED/ MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Web of Sciense, LILACS, Registro de Ensaios Controlados da Cochrane e EMBASE. Resultados: Foram avaliados 12 estudos, com um total de 997 participantes. O exercício aeróbico melhorou condicionamento físico, sendo utilizada duas medida como forma de avaliação, sendo ml/kg/min (MD = 0,79, 95% CI 0,12 a 1,45, I2 = 0%) e L/min ( MD = 0,14, 95% IC 0,01 a 0,26, I2 = 0%). Houve melhora no desfecho de qualidade de vida (Std. MD = 0,49, 95% IC 0,26 a 0,73, I2 = 32%), mas não houve diferença no desfecho fadiga (Std. MD = -0,06, 95% IC -0,38 a 0,27, I2 = 42%). Os estudos apresentaram 82,2% de adesão ao programa com 16 eventos adversos, sendo considerado baixo índice. Conclusão: O exercício aeróbico é eficaz nos pacientes oncológicos analisando os desfechos de condicionamento físico e qualidade de vida quando comparado aos cuidados usuais. Não há diferença entre os grupos quando comparado com exercícios resistidos. Em relação à fadiga, não há diferença entre os grupos. Palavras-chave: Tumor maligno, Neoplasia, Exercício Aeróbico, Treinamento Aeróbico, Revisão Sistemática
Introduction: The incidence of câncer shows increasing numbers, but the estimate of survivors increased significantly due to early diagnoses and their treatments. The adjuvant treatments used cause some side effects such as fatigue, directly affecting muscle and cardiorespiratory functions, and quality of life. To combat these side effects, the practice of aerobic exercises has been used and is characterized as a supportive therapy acting directly on chronic inflammation, and is considered a longterm health maintainer for survival. Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of aerobic training in cancer patients. Method: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials was conducted and the outcomes were evaluated: physical conditioning, quality of life, fatigue, adverse effects and adherence to training. All searches were conducted without language restriction and from 2007 to 2017 with update in 2019 in the following databases: PUBMED/ MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Web of Sciense, LILACS, COCHRANE and EMBASE, for identification of randomized controlled trials. Results: 12 studies were evaluated, with a total of 997 participants. Aerobic exercise improved physical conditioning, using two forms of assessment, the ml/kg/min (MD = 0,79, 95% CI 0,12 a 1,45, I2 = 0%) and L/min measures as a form of assessment ( MD = 0.14, 95% IC 0.01 a 0.26, I2 = 0%) and quality of life (Std. MD = 0.49, 95% IC 0.26 a 0.73, I2 = 32%), but there was no difference in physical conditioning using the measurement mL/Kg/min as a form of assessment ( MD = 2.05, 95% CI -0.09 a 4.19, I2 = 0%) and fatigue (Std. MD = -0.06, 95% IC -0.38 a 0.27, I2 = 42%). The studies showed 76% of adherence to the program with 16 adverse events, being considered low index. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise was effective in the clinical treatment of cancer patients, presenting both physical fitness compared to resistance exercise and quality of life compared to usual care, but there was no difference in fatigue between interventions. Keywords: Malignant Tumor, Neoplasia, Aerobic Exercise, Aerobic Training, Systematic Review.
Introduction: The incidence of câncer shows increasing numbers, but the estimate of survivors increased significantly due to early diagnoses and their treatments. The adjuvant treatments used cause some side effects such as fatigue, directly affecting muscle and cardiorespiratory functions, and quality of life. To combat these side effects, the practice of aerobic exercises has been used and is characterized as a supportive therapy acting directly on chronic inflammation, and is considered a longterm health maintainer for survival. Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of aerobic training in cancer patients. Method: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials was conducted and the outcomes were evaluated: physical conditioning, quality of life, fatigue, adverse effects and adherence to training. All searches were conducted without language restriction and from 2007 to 2017 with update in 2019 in the following databases: PUBMED/ MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Web of Sciense, LILACS, COCHRANE and EMBASE, for identification of randomized controlled trials. Results: 12 studies were evaluated, with a total of 997 participants. Aerobic exercise improved physical conditioning, using two forms of assessment, the ml/kg/min (MD = 0,79, 95% CI 0,12 a 1,45, I2 = 0%) and L/min measures as a form of assessment ( MD = 0.14, 95% IC 0.01 a 0.26, I2 = 0%) and quality of life (Std. MD = 0.49, 95% IC 0.26 a 0.73, I2 = 32%), but there was no difference in physical conditioning using the measurement mL/Kg/min as a form of assessment ( MD = 2.05, 95% CI -0.09 a 4.19, I2 = 0%) and fatigue (Std. MD = -0.06, 95% IC -0.38 a 0.27, I2 = 42%). The studies showed 76% of adherence to the program with 16 adverse events, being considered low index. Conclusion: Aerobic exercise was effective in the clinical treatment of cancer patients, presenting both physical fitness compared to resistance exercise and quality of life compared to usual care, but there was no difference in fatigue between interventions. Keywords: Malignant Tumor, Neoplasia, Aerobic Exercise, Aerobic Training, Systematic Review.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Tumor maligno, Neoplasia, Exercício aeróbico, Treinamento aeróbico, Revisão sistemática, Malignant tumor, Neoplasm, Aerobic exercise, Aerobic training, Systematic review