Composição corporal e expansibilidade toracoabdominal em idosas praticantes de programa exercício físico supervisionado

Abstract

Aims: To evaluate the effects of supervised exercise on body composition and thoracoabdominal expansion of women submitted to a regular and supervised exercise program. Methods: Women aged 60 years or older participating in a supervised exercise program, with attendance greater than 75%, were included in the study. The subjects were divided into two groups: exercises twice a week (P2) and three times a week (P3), evaluated before the program and after six months. The circumference measurements during respiratory motion were obtained in the axillary, xiphoid, and umbilical regions, and in the 12^th pair of ribs, whereas body composition was assessed by bioimpedance. Results: The sample consisted of 60 elderly women, 29 of whom belonged to P2, with a mean age of 73.93±6.76 years, and 31 to P3, with a mean age of 67.41±5.61 years. Cirtometry demonstrated a higher respiratory coefficient for the 12^th pair of ribs in P2 between the beginning (mean 1.94±1.67 cm) and end of the program (mean of 3.07±1.67 cm), p=0.018, and a higher respiratory coefficient in the axillary region in P3 at baseline (mean of 2.17±0.97 cm) and at the end of the program (mean of 2.84±1.81 cm), p=0.030. The other variables remained unchanged. No significant differences were observed when the groups were compared. Regarding body composition, the P2 group had an increase in lean body mass and a decrease in body fat between the beginning and end of the program, while the P3 group maintained the same indices. Conclusions: The elderly women revealed some improvement in thoracoabdominal expansion, increase in lean body mass, and a decrease or maintenance of body fat after six months in the supervised exercise program, with sessions twice or three times a week.