A moeda social digital como alternativa financeira inclusiva: o caso do banco Mumbuca
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2023-05-16
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A exclusão financeira é um fenômeno ainda presente na realidade dos brasileiros. Segundo o Relatório de Cidadania Financeira (2021), elaborado pelo Banco Central do Brasil (BCB), 23% dos adultos brasileiros ainda não possuem nenhum tipo de relacionamento com alguma instituição do Sistema Financeiro Nacional (SFN). Essa alta e persistente exclusão prejudica a capacidade de alavancagem via crédito da população de baixa renda, contribuindo para a piora das desigualdades sociais e econômicas. Em virtude desse cenário, nos últimos anos, começaram a surgir diversas formas de Finanças Sociais, como é o caso das moedas sociais. Segundo Singer (2009, p. 3), as moedas sociais são “um instrumento de troca e meio de pagamento criado e operado por associações autogestionárias” que circula juntamente com a moeda oficial em determinada região, com foco na inclusão de grupos que normalmente são excluídos do mercado financeiro tradicional. Diante disso, o objetivo do presente trabalho é identificar os fatores e indicadores do êxito da Mumbuca como moeda social digital no município de Maricá. A metodologia utilizada no trabalho é a pesquisa qualitativa, estudo de caso e coleta de dados por meio de pesquisa documental, em múltiplas fontes. O estudo de caso se refere à moeda Mumbuca que circula na cidade de Maricá, no Rio de Janeiro. O trabalho aponta êxito na diminuição da exclusão financeira nos locais onde foram implementadas moedas sociais, sendo a Mumbuca uma experiência única, autêntica e inovadora.
Financial exclusion is a phenomenon still present in the reality of Brazilians. According to the Financial Citizenship Report (2021), prepared by the Central Bank of Brazil (BCB), 23% of Brazilian adults still do not have any type of relationship with an institution of the National Financial System (SFN). This high and persistent exclusion impairs the leverage capacity of the low-income population via credit, contributing to the worsening of social and economic inequalities. Due to this scenario, in recent years, various forms of Social Finance have begun to emerge, such as social currencies. According to Singer (2009, p. 3), social currencies are “an instrument of exchange and means of payment created and operated by self-managed associations” that circulate alongside the official currency in a given region, focusing on the inclusion of groups that are normally excluded from the traditional financial market. Therefore, the objective of this work is to identify the factors and indicators of Mumbuca's success as a digital social currency in the municipality of Maricá. The methodology used in the work is qualitative research, case study and data collection through documentary research, in multiple sources. The case study refers to the Mumbuca coin that circulates in the city of Maricá, in Rio de Janeiro. The work points to success in reducing financial exclusion in places where social currencies were implemented, with Mumbuca being a unique, authentic and innovative experience.
Financial exclusion is a phenomenon still present in the reality of Brazilians. According to the Financial Citizenship Report (2021), prepared by the Central Bank of Brazil (BCB), 23% of Brazilian adults still do not have any type of relationship with an institution of the National Financial System (SFN). This high and persistent exclusion impairs the leverage capacity of the low-income population via credit, contributing to the worsening of social and economic inequalities. Due to this scenario, in recent years, various forms of Social Finance have begun to emerge, such as social currencies. According to Singer (2009, p. 3), social currencies are “an instrument of exchange and means of payment created and operated by self-managed associations” that circulate alongside the official currency in a given region, focusing on the inclusion of groups that are normally excluded from the traditional financial market. Therefore, the objective of this work is to identify the factors and indicators of Mumbuca's success as a digital social currency in the municipality of Maricá. The methodology used in the work is qualitative research, case study and data collection through documentary research, in multiple sources. The case study refers to the Mumbuca coin that circulates in the city of Maricá, in Rio de Janeiro. The work points to success in reducing financial exclusion in places where social currencies were implemented, with Mumbuca being a unique, authentic and innovative experience.
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Finanças Sociais, Exclusão Financeira, Moeda Mumbuca, Social finance, Financial exclusion, Mumbuca currency