First generation or second generation ethanol in Brazil? A comparison through economic and social environmental aspects

Abstract

The main goal of this research is to compare between First Generation Ethanol (FGE) and Second Generation Ethanol (SGE) production cycles. In relation to FGE, SGE has presented environmental and social gains, as it is produced from FGE residue, employs lesser amount of natural resources and energy, as well as utilizes specialized labor alongside complex technology. However, SGE's financial costs and investments are superior to FGE's. The integrated cycle may be a solution for plants in regards to these challenges.