O sexo é um fator determinante de diferenças morfológicas e inflamatórias na neurocisticercose extraparenquimatosa experimental?
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Data
2022-05-27
Autores
Moreira, Carlos Alexandre Aguiar
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A neurocisticercose é a doença parasitária mais comum do sistema nervoso central. Ela é ocasionada por infestação cerebral pela larva de Taenia solium, que ocorre quando se ingerem ovos do parasita. O quadro clínico da doença é variável e está relacionado à carga parasitária, à localização dos cistos e à interação entre parasita e hospedeiro. Uma das diferenças mais marcantes da neurocisticercose é entre os sexos. Em geral, mulheres apresentam as formas mais graves da doença, o que sugere haver influência de hormônios sexuais na resistência ou suscetibilidade ao parasita. A hipótese é corroborada por estudos clínicos que demonstraram diferenças radiológicas e inflamatórias no líquor de pacientes com neurocisticercose. Em nível experimental, a diferença entre os sexos para a cisticercose está determinada a partir de estudos que basearam suas análises na inoculação de Taenia crassiceps na cavidade peritoneal de roedores. Fatores imuno-endocrinológicos estão envolvidos com a suscetibilidade à infecção pelo parasita. Por outro lado, nenhum estudo até o momento avaliou se há diferenças entre os sexos na neurocisticercose experimental, ou seja, na inoculação intracraniana de parasitas. Neste trabalho, analisamos se o sexo é um fator determinante de diferenças morfológicas e inflamatórias na neurocisticercose extraparenquimatosa experimental. Foram utilizados 76 ratos Wistar (42 fêmeas e 34 machos) pesando entre 150-200g. A inoculação foi feita com a punção do espaço subaracnóideo da cisterna magna na transição occípito-cervical e injeção de 50 cistos viáveis de T. crassiceps. Após três meses da inoculação, os animais foram submetidos eutanásia e seus encéfalos submetidos a estudo histológico e imunoinzimático da expressão de IL6, IL-10 e IFN-γ. O estudo histológico evidenciou aumento significativo do número de linfócitos nos encéfalos de ratos fêmeas na região aracnoide e o estudo imunoinzimático mostrou níveis mais altos da citocina IL-6 no encéfalo de ratos do sexo feminino quando comparados aos encéfalos de ratos masculinos. Concluímos que houve diferença na resposta inflamatório entre os sexos, sendo a inflamação mais agressiva nos ratos fêmeas
Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic disease of the central nervous system. It is caused by brain infestation by the larva of Taenia solium, which occurs when eggs of the parasite are ingested. The clinical picture of the disease is variable and is related to the parasite load, the location of the cysts and the interaction between the parasite and the host. One of the most striking differences in neurocysticercosis is between the sexes. In general, women have the most severe forms of the disease, which suggests an influence of sex hormones on resistance or susceptibility to the parasite. The hypothesis is supported by clinical studies that demonstrated radiological and inflammatory differences in the CSF of patients with neurocysticercosis. At the experimental level, the difference between the sexes for cysticercosis is determined from studies that based their analysis on the inoculation of Taenia crassiceps in the peritoneal cavity of rodents. Immuno-endocrinological factors are involved with the susceptibility to infection by the parasite. On the other hand, no study to date has evaluated whether there are differences between the sexes in experimental neurocysticercosis, that is, in intracranial inoculation of parasites. In this work, we analyze whether sex is a determinant of morphological and inflammatory differences in experimental extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis. 76 Wistar rats (42 females and 34 males) weighing between 150-200g were used. Inoculation was performed by puncturing the subarachnoid space of the cisterna magna at the occipito-cervical transition and injecting 50 viable T. crassiceps cysts. After three months of inoculation, the animals were euthanized and their brains were submitted to histological and enzyme-linked studies of IL6, IL-10 and IFN-γ expression. The histological study showed a significant increase in the number of lymphocytes in the brains of female rats in the arachnoid region and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent study showed a predominance of the cytokine IL-6 in the brains of female rats when compared to the brains of male rats. We concluded that there was a difference in the inflammatory response between the sexes, with inflammation being more aggressive in female rats.
Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic disease of the central nervous system. It is caused by brain infestation by the larva of Taenia solium, which occurs when eggs of the parasite are ingested. The clinical picture of the disease is variable and is related to the parasite load, the location of the cysts and the interaction between the parasite and the host. One of the most striking differences in neurocysticercosis is between the sexes. In general, women have the most severe forms of the disease, which suggests an influence of sex hormones on resistance or susceptibility to the parasite. The hypothesis is supported by clinical studies that demonstrated radiological and inflammatory differences in the CSF of patients with neurocysticercosis. At the experimental level, the difference between the sexes for cysticercosis is determined from studies that based their analysis on the inoculation of Taenia crassiceps in the peritoneal cavity of rodents. Immuno-endocrinological factors are involved with the susceptibility to infection by the parasite. On the other hand, no study to date has evaluated whether there are differences between the sexes in experimental neurocysticercosis, that is, in intracranial inoculation of parasites. In this work, we analyze whether sex is a determinant of morphological and inflammatory differences in experimental extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis. 76 Wistar rats (42 females and 34 males) weighing between 150-200g were used. Inoculation was performed by puncturing the subarachnoid space of the cisterna magna at the occipito-cervical transition and injecting 50 viable T. crassiceps cysts. After three months of inoculation, the animals were euthanized and their brains were submitted to histological and enzyme-linked studies of IL6, IL-10 and IFN-γ expression. The histological study showed a significant increase in the number of lymphocytes in the brains of female rats in the arachnoid region and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent study showed a predominance of the cytokine IL-6 in the brains of female rats when compared to the brains of male rats. We concluded that there was a difference in the inflammatory response between the sexes, with inflammation being more aggressive in female rats.
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hidrocefalia, neurocisticercose, modelo experimental