Desenvolvimento de sensor elétrico de contato e correlações com atributos do solo visando à agricultura de precisão
Data
2008-09-10
Autores
Celinski , Victor George [UNESP]
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ISSN da Revista
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As medidas elétricas do solo têm sido utilizadas como variáveis que se correlacionam com atributos do solo. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos: desenvolver um sensor de medidas elétricas de contato e de baixo custo; avaliar seu desempenho em campo; e, verificar a correlação entre as leituras de resistência e capacitância elétrica com propriedades físicas (areia, silte e argila), propriedades químicas do solo (pH, M.O., Presina, H+Al, K, Ca, Mg, SB, CTC e V%) e o teor de água. A coleta dos dados foi realizada na Fazenda Capão da Onça, pertencente à Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, em uma área com aproximadamente 13 hectares, totalizando 81 amostras. A distância entre os pontos de coleta das amostras não foi igual, mas a posição relativa de cada amostra foi georreferenciada. Em cada ponto amostral foi medida a resistência e a capacitância elétrica do solo. Após as leituras e a retirada do sensor, foram coletadas amostras do solo, enviadas e analisadas no laboratório da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da Universidade Estadual Paulista. O instrumento de medida utilizado para a coleta dos dados de resistência elétrica do solo foi um multímetro analógico e, para coleta dos dados de capacitância elétrica do solo, foi um multímetro digital. Os dados foram submetidos às análises estatísticas exploratórias, assim como, às análises de correlação, regressão e geoestatística. Por meio de um programa geoestatístico foi realizado o estudo da variabilidade e da estrutura de dependência espacial, pelas funções do variograma para cada atributo do solo estudado. A partir desta análise, foram gerados os mapas de superfície de cada parâmetro do solo por meio da técnica de krigagem.2 finalidade dos mapas foi a de auxiliar na análise das correlações entre as variáveis. O sistema desenvolvido apresentou um baixo custo e foi capaz de medir as...
The electrical measures of the soil have been used as variables that correlate with its characteristics. This study aimed at developing an electrical measure sensor of low cost, to evaluate its performance on the field and verify the correlation between the measurements of electrical resistance and capacitance with physical properties (sand, silt and clay) and chemical properties of soil (pH, MO, P resin, H + Al, K, Ca, Mg, SB, CTC and V%) and the moisture content. The data sampling was performed at the farm named “Capão da Onça” which belongs to the State University of Ponta Grossa. The samples collection was conducted in an area of approximately 13 hectares, totalizing 81 samples. The distance between the samples was not exactly the same, but the relative position of each sample was georreferenced. In each sampling the electrical resistance and capacitance of the soil was measured. After the sensor withdrawal, soil samples were collected and were sent to be analysed in the laboratory of the College of Agronomics Science of the Paulista State University. The measuring instrument used to collect data on electric resistance of the soil was an analog multimeter and to collect data on electric capacitance of the soil a digital multimeter was used. The data were submitted to an exploratory statistical analysis and to the analysis of correlation, regression and geostatistics. By means of geostatistics software a study of the variability and the structure of spatial dependence was done through the functions of the variogram for each soil attribute studied. From the analysis maps were generated for each parameter of the soil surface through the kriging technique. The purpose of the maps was assisting in the analysis of the correlation between the data. The developed system presented a low cost and it was capable to measuring variation of the electrical resistance and capacitance of the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The electrical measures of the soil have been used as variables that correlate with its characteristics. This study aimed at developing an electrical measure sensor of low cost, to evaluate its performance on the field and verify the correlation between the measurements of electrical resistance and capacitance with physical properties (sand, silt and clay) and chemical properties of soil (pH, MO, P resin, H + Al, K, Ca, Mg, SB, CTC and V%) and the moisture content. The data sampling was performed at the farm named “Capão da Onça” which belongs to the State University of Ponta Grossa. The samples collection was conducted in an area of approximately 13 hectares, totalizing 81 samples. The distance between the samples was not exactly the same, but the relative position of each sample was georreferenced. In each sampling the electrical resistance and capacitance of the soil was measured. After the sensor withdrawal, soil samples were collected and were sent to be analysed in the laboratory of the College of Agronomics Science of the Paulista State University. The measuring instrument used to collect data on electric resistance of the soil was an analog multimeter and to collect data on electric capacitance of the soil a digital multimeter was used. The data were submitted to an exploratory statistical analysis and to the analysis of correlation, regression and geostatistics. By means of geostatistics software a study of the variability and the structure of spatial dependence was done through the functions of the variogram for each soil attribute studied. From the analysis maps were generated for each parameter of the soil surface through the kriging technique. The purpose of the maps was assisting in the analysis of the correlation between the data. The developed system presented a low cost and it was capable to measuring variation of the electrical resistance and capacitance of the... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Agricultura de precisão, Instrumentos de medição, Mapeamento do solo, Geoestatística, Geostatistics, Precision farming, Sensor of electric measures
Como citar
CELINSKI , Victor George. Desenvolvimento de sensor elétrico de contato e correlações com atributos do solo visando à agricultura de precisão. 2008. xiii, 121 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2008.