Interação núcleo-citoplasmática em embriões e expressão de genes imprinted em fetos bovinos produzidos in vivo, in vitro e partenogenéticos
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Data
2005-12-19
Autores
Niciura, Simone Cristina Méo [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A maturação oocitária é marcada pela retomada da primeira divisão da meiose, com progressão do estádio de Vesícula Germinativa (GV) da Prófase I até a Metáfase II (MII), e inclui todos os eventos necessários para que o oócito expresse seu potencial máximo de desenvolvimento após a fecundação. Para avaliarmos a eficiência da maturação in vitro (MIV), utilizamos oócitos classificados em viáveis (graus I, II e III) e inviáveis (atrésico e desnudo), e acompanhamos a progressão nuclear e a distribuição dos grânulos corticais (GC) como indício de maturação citoplasmática, após MIV em TCM 199 com soro fetal bovino, hormônios, antibiótico e piruvato, por 24h em 5% de CO2 em ar. Maturação nuclear (78,4-87,8%) e citoplasmática (GC periféricos; 67,2-79,3%) foram semelhantes entre as diferentes classes de oócitos e apresentaramse como eventos independentes. Para o acompanhamento dos eventos desencadeados pelo espermatozóide, avaliamos a dinâmica nuclear e de microtúbulos, em intervalos de 2h, após fecundação in vitro (FIV), em meio TALP com heparina, PHE e sêmen preparado em gradiente de Percoll. Observamos que o estádio de MII foi predominante de 2 a 8h; MII e Anáfase/Telófase (A/T) predominaram às 10h; MII, A/T e estádio pronuclear (PN) de 14 a 16h; e PN a partir de 18h. A penetração do espermatozóide ocorreu após 4h da inseminação dos oócitos; a diferenciação dos PN 14 masculino e feminino pelo tamanho foi possível de 14 a 18h e a singamia ocorreu a partir de 24h. O período de 10h pode ser suficiente para que a FIV seja efetiva em oócitos bovinos, nas condições aqui descritas.
We aimed to evaluate events involved in in vitro maturation, fertilization and development, and parthenogenetic activation of bovine oocytes assessed by nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction and gene expression. Oocyte morphological selection did not affect nuclear maturation (78.4-87.8%) and cytoplasmic cortical granule distribution (67.2-79.3%). Following nuclear and microtubular dynamics after fertilization (IVF), we observed sperm penetration 4h after insemination; male and female pronuclei differentiation by size from 14 to 18h; syngamy after 24h; and sufficient co-incubation of spermatozoa and oocytes for 10h. Pronuclear transfer to study the interaction between nucleus (N) and cytoplasm (C) in parthenogenetic embryos produced by ionomycin followed by strontium (S) or 6-DMAP (D) was assessed by cleavage, eight-cell, and blastocyst development rates: CSND (76.5, 36.4, and 6.8%) and CDNS (69.5, 25.0, and 4.9%). S cytoplasm promoted dominant effect on D nucleus. Higher rates of developmental arrest up to the eight-cell stage were observed by the combination of cytoplasm and nucleus produced by the two different activation treatments. We recovered parthenogenetic D fetuses on Day 35, which were small but normal in formation and in appearance of chorio-alantoic membranes. Genomic imprinting of IGF2 was observed, but XIST was maternally expressed in extra-embryonic tissues. In vitro culture promoted higher expression of IGF2 and H19 genes and also increased IGF2/IGF2r ratio in IVF embryos compared to in vivo produced ones.
We aimed to evaluate events involved in in vitro maturation, fertilization and development, and parthenogenetic activation of bovine oocytes assessed by nuclear-cytoplasmic interaction and gene expression. Oocyte morphological selection did not affect nuclear maturation (78.4-87.8%) and cytoplasmic cortical granule distribution (67.2-79.3%). Following nuclear and microtubular dynamics after fertilization (IVF), we observed sperm penetration 4h after insemination; male and female pronuclei differentiation by size from 14 to 18h; syngamy after 24h; and sufficient co-incubation of spermatozoa and oocytes for 10h. Pronuclear transfer to study the interaction between nucleus (N) and cytoplasm (C) in parthenogenetic embryos produced by ionomycin followed by strontium (S) or 6-DMAP (D) was assessed by cleavage, eight-cell, and blastocyst development rates: CSND (76.5, 36.4, and 6.8%) and CDNS (69.5, 25.0, and 4.9%). S cytoplasm promoted dominant effect on D nucleus. Higher rates of developmental arrest up to the eight-cell stage were observed by the combination of cytoplasm and nucleus produced by the two different activation treatments. We recovered parthenogenetic D fetuses on Day 35, which were small but normal in formation and in appearance of chorio-alantoic membranes. Genomic imprinting of IGF2 was observed, but XIST was maternally expressed in extra-embryonic tissues. In vitro culture promoted higher expression of IGF2 and H19 genes and also increased IGF2/IGF2r ratio in IVF embryos compared to in vivo produced ones.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Partenogenese (Animais), Bovino - Embrião, Transferência pronuclear, Classificação oocitária, Desenvolvimento embrionário, Genomic imprinting, Embryonic development, Oocyte morphological classification, Parthenogenesis, Pronuclear transfer
Como citar
NICIURA, Simone Cristina Méo. Interação núcleo-citoplasmática em embriões e expressão de genes imprinted em fetos bovinos produzidos in vivo, in vitro e partenogenéticos. 2005. xxiii, 115 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2005.