Proposta de um procedimento de cálculo matemático para apoiar a tomada de decisão em projetos de embalagens para alimentos
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Data
2017-09-06
Autores
Volante, Carlos Rodrigo [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os projetos de embalagens para alimentos apresentam particularidades em relação aos demais projetos, principalmente quando comparados a bens duráveis. As embalagens para alimentos sofrem constantemente alterações, seja no material, este com menor frequência, seja no formato, na arte ou em aplicação de acessórios como formas de abrir ou fechar após o uso. Uns mais, outros menos, mas todos esses projetos envolvem riscos e incertezas. As embalagens podem ser classificadas em várias formas e estas contribuem para definição das variáveis envolvidas no projeto, além da relação entre elas. O objetivo do trabalho tem como premissa a análise das variáveis de acordo com o escopo da proposta de procedimento de cálculo matemático proposta. A ênfase do procedimento é facilitar o processo decisório dos gestores para aumentar a competitividade no setor agroindustrial alimentício. Para atingir este objetivo, foram identificadas as principais variáveis envolvidas e uma metodologia de cálculo foi desenvolvida para identificar a margem de contribuição dos produtos oriundos do projeto, embasada no custeio variável. Um estudo de caso foi realizado em uma indústria alimentícia e três projetos de embalagens foram objetos de estudo. Foram utilizadas características do custeio variável para elaboração da proposta de cálculo. Obteve-se um procedimento de cálculo capaz de identificar o ponto de equilíbrio de um projeto de embalagens para alimentos, a quantidade mínima a ser vendida, a margem de contribuição em relação à previsão de vendas, além de permitir comparar diferentes projetos de embalagens para alimentos fundamentados no custeio variável.
Food packaging projects have particularities in relation to other projects, especially when compared to durable goods. Food packaging constantly changes, whether in material, at a lower frequency, or in the format, in the art or in applying accessories as ways of opening or closing it after using. All these projects involve risks and uncertainties; some of them involve more, some others involve less. Packaging can be classified in several ways which contributes to defining the variables involved in the project, as well as the relationship between them. The objective of the study was to analyze these variables accordingly to the mathematical calculation proposed and present a proposal that offers support to the managers decision-making process to increase competitiveness in the agroindustry field. To achieve this objective, the main variables involved were identified and a methodology to calculate was developed to identify the contribution margin of the project based on variable costing. A case study was carried out in one of the food processing industry and three packaging were a study object. Were used variable costing characteristics for the calculation. The outcome was a procedure capable of identify the food packaging project breakeven point, the minimum selling amount, the contributing margin to a predicable sale, besides allowing different food packaging projects based on variable costing comparison.
Food packaging projects have particularities in relation to other projects, especially when compared to durable goods. Food packaging constantly changes, whether in material, at a lower frequency, or in the format, in the art or in applying accessories as ways of opening or closing it after using. All these projects involve risks and uncertainties; some of them involve more, some others involve less. Packaging can be classified in several ways which contributes to defining the variables involved in the project, as well as the relationship between them. The objective of the study was to analyze these variables accordingly to the mathematical calculation proposed and present a proposal that offers support to the managers decision-making process to increase competitiveness in the agroindustry field. To achieve this objective, the main variables involved were identified and a methodology to calculate was developed to identify the contribution margin of the project based on variable costing. A case study was carried out in one of the food processing industry and three packaging were a study object. Were used variable costing characteristics for the calculation. The outcome was a procedure capable of identify the food packaging project breakeven point, the minimum selling amount, the contributing margin to a predicable sale, besides allowing different food packaging projects based on variable costing comparison.
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Palavras-chave
Agroindústria, Custo-volume-lucro, Processo de gestão, Riscos em projetos, Montante de investimentos, Agroindustry, Cost-volume-profit, Management process, Risks in projects, Amount of investments