Os primórdios da arquitetura modernista em Marília-SP
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Data
2017-10-26
Autores
Ramos, Alfredo Zaia Nogueira
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A fundação de Marília/SP remonta ao final da década de 1920, fazendo parte de uma das últimas regiões de plantio cafeeiro do estado de São Paulo. O crescimento do município seguiu a produção agrícola e a posterior implementação industrial, que se deu ao longo das décadas de 1940 a 1970, período de expressivo crescimento econômico e ascendência política. Entre todas as linguagens arquitetônicas pode-se apontar o Art Déco, a partir de meados dos anos de 1930, anunciando em seguida, com destaque, bons exemplares do modernismo, que serão objeto principal de análise deste trabalho. Entre elas, uma grande descoberta, a residência da Avenida Sampaio Vidal, de Gregori Warchavchik. A influência dos principais arquitetos modernistas, embora vista em inúmeros trabalhos e estudos nas cidades do interior paulista, poucas vezes foi analisada na cidade de Marília, e menos ainda relacionando-a ao seu desenvolvimento urbano. Desta forma, esta pesquisa, propõe então, como metodologia principal, identificar, classificar e analisar os primeiros projetos de caráter modernista na cidade, através do Arquivo de Projetos da Prefeitura Municipal, evidenciando as características arquitetônicas predominantes que compõe os ideais e preceitos modernistas e sua relação com a pregação política do desenvolvimentismo. Através destes projetos analisados, três fases distintas de introdução do modernismo no município, ficaram evidentes: De 1929 a 1935, com os primórdios do Art Déco ao projeto pioneiro de Warchavchik; o longo período de ausência modernista entre 1935 a 1947 e a consolidação da linguagem ao longo da década de 1950. Além disso, o trabalho trás à tona as particularidades de diversos projetos modernistas, conhecidos e inéditos de renomados arquitetos, que atuaram no município.
The foundation of Marília / SP goes back to the end of 1920’s decade, being part of one of the last coffee plantation regions of São Paulo State. The growth of the municipality followed the agricultural production and the subsequent industrial implementation, which occurred during the decades of 1940 to 1970, a period of significant economic growth and political ascendancy. Among all the architectural languages we can point to Art Decó, from the middle of the 1930s, announcing next, with prominence, good examples of modernism, which will be the main object of analysis of this work. Among them, a great discovery, the residence of the Avenida Sampaio Vidal, designed by Gregori Warchavchik. The influence of the leading modernist architects, although seen in numerous works and studies in countryside of São Paulo State, was rarely analyzed in the town of Marília, and still less related to its urban development. In this way, this research proposes, as main methodology, to identify, classify and analyze the first modernist projects in the town, through the City Hall Project Archive(APPMM), highlighting the predominant architectural features that compose the modernist ideals and precepts and their relationship with the political preaching of developmentalism. Through these projects analyzed, three distinct phases of the introduction of modernism in the municipality were evident: From 1929 to 1935, with the beginnings of Art Déco to the pioneering project of Warchavchik; the long period of modern absence between 1935 and 1947 and the consolidation of language throughout the 1950s. In addition, the work brings to light the particularities of several modernist projects, known and unpublished by renowned architects, who acted in the municipality.
The foundation of Marília / SP goes back to the end of 1920’s decade, being part of one of the last coffee plantation regions of São Paulo State. The growth of the municipality followed the agricultural production and the subsequent industrial implementation, which occurred during the decades of 1940 to 1970, a period of significant economic growth and political ascendancy. Among all the architectural languages we can point to Art Decó, from the middle of the 1930s, announcing next, with prominence, good examples of modernism, which will be the main object of analysis of this work. Among them, a great discovery, the residence of the Avenida Sampaio Vidal, designed by Gregori Warchavchik. The influence of the leading modernist architects, although seen in numerous works and studies in countryside of São Paulo State, was rarely analyzed in the town of Marília, and still less related to its urban development. In this way, this research proposes, as main methodology, to identify, classify and analyze the first modernist projects in the town, through the City Hall Project Archive(APPMM), highlighting the predominant architectural features that compose the modernist ideals and precepts and their relationship with the political preaching of developmentalism. Through these projects analyzed, three distinct phases of the introduction of modernism in the municipality were evident: From 1929 to 1935, with the beginnings of Art Déco to the pioneering project of Warchavchik; the long period of modern absence between 1935 and 1947 and the consolidation of language throughout the 1950s. In addition, the work brings to light the particularities of several modernist projects, known and unpublished by renowned architects, who acted in the municipality.
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História, Modernismo, Marília-SP, History, Modernism