A logística reversa de embalagens de defensivos agrícolas sob a perspectiva de economia circular
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Data
2020-12-11
Autores
Turchiari, Ludmila Neves
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Essa dissertação tem por objetivo analisar a logística reversa praticada pela cadeia de suprimentos de embalagens de defensivos agrícolas sob a perspectiva de Economia Circular e quais os desafios frente ao modelo praticado. Para realizar e apresentar os resultados da pesquisa a análise de conteúdo se fez necessária. Foram utilizados como instrumentos de pesquisa entrevistas semiestruturadas e análise documental. Foram entrevistados três representantes dos quais representaram cinco dos setores envolvidos na cadeia de suprimento da logística reversa das embalagens de defensivos: produtor rural, indústria, recicladora, central de recebimento e a gestora do programa de logística reversa. E a análise documental foi feita através do Relatório de Sustentabilidade do Inpev de 2019. Os resultados foram apresentados conforme as categorias do trabalho sendo essas: papel e responsabilidades dos atores da cadeia, infraestrutura, reciclagem, benefícios, dificuldades; transição modelo circular e desafios. Os atores têm entendimento e consciência do modelo por conta de uma gestão integrada e ativa dentro do processo logístico. Quanto a infraestrutura, a percepção é de que estaria adequada, compreendendo um modelo de estrutura compartilhada e colaborativa. A Reciclagem, por sua vez, é o meio principal que permite fechar o ciclo ou mesmo tornar um Ciclo Aberto Transversal, mas, limita o processo a uma análise de Ciclo Técnico. Como benefícios considerou-se o aumento da destinação correta, melhoria de rastreabilidade, geração de empregos, recursos para reinvestimento no processo. Já as dificuldades ficaram como: qualidade de informação e rastreio pela indústria, gestão desses estoques de embalagens vazias na propriedade do produtor rural, capilaridade de atendimento dos atores e ações proativas do poder público. Por fim, a última categoria identificou ações de transições circulares como Loop Aberto Transversal; destinação dos resíduos às recicladoras e fechamento de Ciclo. E os desafios identificados foram: embalagens não laváveis ainda destinadas à incineração; rastreabilidade com qualidade de informação; conscientização dos produtores rurais; e centralização e distanciamento de recicladoras em relação aos postos e centrais. A união da teoria e prática forneceu resultados ricos e empíricos. Alguns resultados puderam ser confirmados, mas também houveram evidências e novas possibilidades de análise. Quanto às limitações do trabalho, além de ser um estudo abrangente que demanda um olhar mais complexo de todo o tema e envolvimento de cada setor, implica em uma análise específica de cada ator da cadeia para melhor entendimento. Diferente desse estudo que focou numa análise de todo a Cadeia de Suprimentos sob um enfoque de Economia Circular. Outra limitação encontrada foi acesso aos representantes do poder público. O presente estudo traz contribuições de grande valia para as organizações dos quais se envolvem com logística reversa ou preveem a transição para um modelo Circular futuramente. No segmento de agronegócio é de suma importância, pois são temas em crescimento, tanto aumento de produtividade e o uso de defensivos como meios e sustentabilidade ambiental. Sendo a Economia Circular um método de se alcançar um modelo para avaliar tais possibilidades.
This dissertation aims to analyze the reverse logistics practiced by the pesticide packaging supply chain from the perspective of Circular Economy and what are the challenges facing the model practiced. In order to carry out and present the research results, content analysis was necessary. Semi-structured interviews and document analysis were used as research instruments. Three representatives were interviewed, representing five of the sectors involved in the supply chain of reverse logistics for pesticide packaging: rural producer, industry, recycler, receiving center and the manager of the reverse logistics program. And the documentary analysis was carried out through the 2019 Inpev Sustainability Report. The results were presented according to the categories of work being these: role and responsibilities of the actors in the chain, infrastructure, recycling, benefits, difficulties; circular model transition and challenges. The actors have an understanding and awareness of the model due to an integrated and active management within the logistics process. As for the infrastructure, the perception is that it would be adequate, comprising a model of shared and collaborative structure. Recycling, on the other hand, is the main means that allows to close the cycle or even make an Open Cycle Transversal, but limits the process to an analysis of the Technical Cycle. As benefits, it was considered the increase of the correct destination, improvement of traceability, generation of jobs, resources for reinvestment in the process. The difficulties, on the other hand, were: quality of information and tracking by the industry, management of these empty packaging stocks on the property of the rural producer, capillarity of service to the actors and proactive actions by the public authorities. Finally, the last category identified actions of circular transitions as Transversal Open Loop; destination of waste to recyclers and closing of Cycle. And the challenges identified were: non-washable packaging still destined for incineration; traceability with information quality; awareness of rural producers; and centralization and distancing of recyclers in relation to the stations and centrals. The union of theory and practice provided rich and empirical results. Some results could be confirmed, but there was also evidence and new possibilities for analysis. As for the limitations of the work, in addition to being a comprehensive study that requires a more complex look at the whole theme and involvement of each sector, it implies a specific analysis of each actor in the chain for better understanding. Unlike this study, which focused on an analysis of the entire Supply Chain under a Circular Economy approach. Another limitation encountered was access to government officials. The present study brings valuable contributions to organizations of which they are involved with reverse logistics or foresee the transition to a Circular model in the future. In the agribusiness segment, it is of paramount importance, as they are growing themes, both increased productivity and the use of pesticides as means and environmental sustainability. Circular Economy being a method of reaching a model to evaluate such possibilities.
This dissertation aims to analyze the reverse logistics practiced by the pesticide packaging supply chain from the perspective of Circular Economy and what are the challenges facing the model practiced. In order to carry out and present the research results, content analysis was necessary. Semi-structured interviews and document analysis were used as research instruments. Three representatives were interviewed, representing five of the sectors involved in the supply chain of reverse logistics for pesticide packaging: rural producer, industry, recycler, receiving center and the manager of the reverse logistics program. And the documentary analysis was carried out through the 2019 Inpev Sustainability Report. The results were presented according to the categories of work being these: role and responsibilities of the actors in the chain, infrastructure, recycling, benefits, difficulties; circular model transition and challenges. The actors have an understanding and awareness of the model due to an integrated and active management within the logistics process. As for the infrastructure, the perception is that it would be adequate, comprising a model of shared and collaborative structure. Recycling, on the other hand, is the main means that allows to close the cycle or even make an Open Cycle Transversal, but limits the process to an analysis of the Technical Cycle. As benefits, it was considered the increase of the correct destination, improvement of traceability, generation of jobs, resources for reinvestment in the process. The difficulties, on the other hand, were: quality of information and tracking by the industry, management of these empty packaging stocks on the property of the rural producer, capillarity of service to the actors and proactive actions by the public authorities. Finally, the last category identified actions of circular transitions as Transversal Open Loop; destination of waste to recyclers and closing of Cycle. And the challenges identified were: non-washable packaging still destined for incineration; traceability with information quality; awareness of rural producers; and centralization and distancing of recyclers in relation to the stations and centrals. The union of theory and practice provided rich and empirical results. Some results could be confirmed, but there was also evidence and new possibilities for analysis. As for the limitations of the work, in addition to being a comprehensive study that requires a more complex look at the whole theme and involvement of each sector, it implies a specific analysis of each actor in the chain for better understanding. Unlike this study, which focused on an analysis of the entire Supply Chain under a Circular Economy approach. Another limitation encountered was access to government officials. The present study brings valuable contributions to organizations of which they are involved with reverse logistics or foresee the transition to a Circular model in the future. In the agribusiness segment, it is of paramount importance, as they are growing themes, both increased productivity and the use of pesticides as means and environmental sustainability. Circular Economy being a method of reaching a model to evaluate such possibilities.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Economia circular, Logística reversa, Economia ambiental, Embalagem de defensivos, Plastics in packaging, Reverse logistic, Pesticide packaging