Aspectos produtivos, morfológicos e tecnológicos de variedades de cana-de-açúcar tratadas com ácido fúlvico isolado
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Data
2021-08-06
Autores
Claudino, Talis Melo
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A cultura da cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum spp.), apresenta importância relevante ao setor agrícola brasileiro. Desta cultura são produzidos diversos produtos, como o etanol, açúcar e energia, além de diversos subprodutos de sua industrialização. O cultivo da cana-de-açúcar envolve a utilização de diversas tecnologias que buscam aumentar a produtividade agrícola. Uma forma de aumentar a produtividade é a utilização de bioestimulantes vegetais, estas são substâncias que atuam como fitoreguladores vegetais, levando a planta a maior desempenho agrícola, superação de estresses, além de resultarem em efeitos metabólitos indiretos que geram o aumento de seu potencial produtivo. Dentro dos bioestimulantes vegetais, as substâncias húmicas (oriundas da decomposição de organismos vegetais, animais e microbianos) possuem ações fitoreguladoras que atuam diretamente na morfologia e fisiologia das plantas, que levam ao aumento da produção. Neste trabalho, foi avaliado a influência da aplicação de ácido fúlvico isolado em concentração de 3,0 mmolc C L-1 em três cultivares de cana-de-açúcar (RB975201, CTC9002 e CTC9005HP) aplicado no início de crescimento vegetativo. O fatorial utilizado foi 3x2 (três variedades x com e sem ácido fúlvico). O ensaio foi conduzido em área do município de Salto Grande – SP, pertencente a Usina São Luiz S.A de Ourinhos-SP, na safra 2020/21. O ambiente de produção utilizado é classificado como B, do tipo latossolo vermelho distroférrico típico. Para a avaliações dos resultados deste trabalho, as variáveis analisadas foram: análises biométricas no momento da colheita (comprimento e diâmetro de colmo, número de colmos industrializáveis, peso médio de colmos e produtividade) e quando foi realizada a colheita, foram avaliadas as variáveis tecnológicas, como Pol%Cana (PCC), Pureza de Caldo (P%), fibra cana (f%), açúcares redutores (ART) e açúcar total recuperável (ATR) e calculado as toneladas de açúcares totais por hectare (TAH). Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância pelo teste F e as médias comparadas pelo teste T (DMS) à 10% de probabilidade. Os resultados demonstram que a aplicação de ácido fúlvico isolado culminou em efeitos significativos para as variáveis biométricas, tecnológicas e produtividades, sendo que as variedades CTC9002 e CTC9005 foram afetadas por esta aplicação. A utilização de ácido fúlvico isolado aplicado via foliar é uma alternativa para obter maiores produtividades de colmos e áçucar na cana-de-açúcar.
The crop sugar cane (Saccharum spp.), It has relevant importance to the Brazilian agricultural sector, being that this culture are diverse products, as mainly ethanol and sugar, besides diverse by-products of its industrialization, as the use of bagasse for energy cogeneration. It can be said that sugar cane is a vastly sustainable crop. In need of improvement in its management so that it is a positive and sustainable operation, the cultivation of this culture allows the use of several technologies that bring the highest productivity in the Brazilian agricultural fields. One way to increase productivity is the use of plant biostimulants, these are substances that act as plant phyto-regulators, leading the plant to greater agricultural performance, overcoming stresses and metabolic effects that enable the plant to express its maximum productive potential in the environment. that is located. Within plant biostimulants, humic substances, originating from the decomposition of plant, animal, and microbial organisms, have phyto-regulating actions that act directly on the morphology, physiology and ultimately on the production of plants. In this work, the influence of the application of fulvic acid isolated at a concentration of 3.0 mmolc C L-1 in three sugarcane cultivars (RB975201, CTC9002 and CTC9005HP) applied at the beginning of vegetative growth. The factorial used was 3x2 (three varieties x With and Without fulvic acid). The trial was conducted in the municipality of Salto Grande - SP, belonging to the São Luiz S.A mill, in the 2020/21 harvest. The cultivation environment used is classified as A, typical dystroferric red latosol type. To evaluate the results of this work, the variables analyzed were: biometric analyzes at the time of harvest (stem length and diameter, number of industrializable stalks, average stalk weight and productivity) and when the harvest was carried out, they were evaluated as technological variables such as corrected oligosaccharide percentage (PCC), juice purity of broth (B%), cane fiber (f%), reducing sugars (RS) and total recoverable sugar (TRS) and tons of sugars per hectare (TSH) . ). The data after collected were submitted to analysis of variance by the F test and the means were compared by the dose probability and by the T test (DMS) at 10% probability. The results demonstrate that the application of isolated fulvic acid resulted in significant effects for biometric, technological and yield variables, and the varieties CTC9002 and CTC9005 were affected by this application. The use of isolated fulvic acid applied via the leaves is an alternative to obtain higher sugarcane yields.
The crop sugar cane (Saccharum spp.), It has relevant importance to the Brazilian agricultural sector, being that this culture are diverse products, as mainly ethanol and sugar, besides diverse by-products of its industrialization, as the use of bagasse for energy cogeneration. It can be said that sugar cane is a vastly sustainable crop. In need of improvement in its management so that it is a positive and sustainable operation, the cultivation of this culture allows the use of several technologies that bring the highest productivity in the Brazilian agricultural fields. One way to increase productivity is the use of plant biostimulants, these are substances that act as plant phyto-regulators, leading the plant to greater agricultural performance, overcoming stresses and metabolic effects that enable the plant to express its maximum productive potential in the environment. that is located. Within plant biostimulants, humic substances, originating from the decomposition of plant, animal, and microbial organisms, have phyto-regulating actions that act directly on the morphology, physiology and ultimately on the production of plants. In this work, the influence of the application of fulvic acid isolated at a concentration of 3.0 mmolc C L-1 in three sugarcane cultivars (RB975201, CTC9002 and CTC9005HP) applied at the beginning of vegetative growth. The factorial used was 3x2 (three varieties x With and Without fulvic acid). The trial was conducted in the municipality of Salto Grande - SP, belonging to the São Luiz S.A mill, in the 2020/21 harvest. The cultivation environment used is classified as A, typical dystroferric red latosol type. To evaluate the results of this work, the variables analyzed were: biometric analyzes at the time of harvest (stem length and diameter, number of industrializable stalks, average stalk weight and productivity) and when the harvest was carried out, they were evaluated as technological variables such as corrected oligosaccharide percentage (PCC), juice purity of broth (B%), cane fiber (f%), reducing sugars (RS) and total recoverable sugar (TRS) and tons of sugars per hectare (TSH) . ). The data after collected were submitted to analysis of variance by the F test and the means were compared by the dose probability and by the T test (DMS) at 10% probability. The results demonstrate that the application of isolated fulvic acid resulted in significant effects for biometric, technological and yield variables, and the varieties CTC9002 and CTC9005 were affected by this application. The use of isolated fulvic acid applied via the leaves is an alternative to obtain higher sugarcane yields.
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Palavras-chave
Cana-de-açúcar, Bioestimulantes, Ácido fúlvico, Sugarcane, Biostimulants, Fulvic acid