Estudo termográfico e ultrassonográfico da região cervical de equinos em treinamento na modalidade equestre de salto
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Data
2021-09-28
Autores
Venturelli, Denise de Oliveira
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A coluna cervical é fundamental na movimentação e sustentação do pescoço nos equinos e os conhecimentos anatômicos e biomecânicos desses animais, são de extrema importância durante o exame do aparelho locomotor em equinos atletas. Tendo em vista que diversas afecções cervicais podem ter sua sede nas estruturas ósseas, no sistema nervoso ou em tecidos moles, como os músculos, estruturas altamente importantes nos animais de performance e uma vez que lesões musculares podem ocorrer devido ao exercício, os exames ultrassonográfico e termográficos tornam-se essenciais para a avaliação da coluna cervical. A termografia infravermelha (TIV) trata-se de uma técnica não ionizante e não invasiva que capta e registra a emissão térmica da pele, capaz de evidenciar afecções, ainda que precocemente, com quaisquer tipos de alteração de perfusão sanguínea, podendo acompanhar a evolução das enfermidades correlacionadas com essa área dentro da prática esportiva sob o prisma do processo inflamatório versus o aumento da temperatura local. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar, pontos de tensão e biomecânica musculoesquelética por ultrassonografia e termografia nas regiões cranial, média e caudal da coluna cervical equina, pós exercício hípico da modalidade salto, verificando assim as diferenças e demanda entre as regiões e buscando achar um ponto de convergência entre ambas as técnicas. Foram utilizados 12 animais da raça Brasileiro de Hipismo (BH), dividos em 2 grupos de salto nas alturas em 1,00m e 1,40m, os quais foram avaliados pela termografia e ultrassonografia, pré e pós treino com 40 minutos, 2h e 24h após a prática esportiva. Os resultados gerais sugerem que a termografia foi eficaz em elucidar os pontos com maiores tensão causados pelo exércício, porém, não foi possível correlacionar com as imagens ultrassonográficas, as quais não apresentaram alterações nas estruturas musculares cervicais avaliadas, indicadas pelo aumento da temperatura elucidadas pela termografia.
The cervical spine is essential in the movement and support of the neck in horses and the ana tomical and biomechanical knowledge of these animals are extremely important during the examination of the locomotor system in athletic horses. Considering that several cervical affections can have their seat in bone structures, in the nervous system or in soft tissues, such as muscles, highly important structures in performance animals, since muscle injuries can occur due to exercise, the ultrasound examination makes essential for the assessment of the cervical spine. Infrared thermography (IVT) is a noni and nononizing invasive technique that captures and records the thermal emission of the skin, capable of showing affections, even early, with any type of blood perfusion alteration, and can monitor the evolution of diseases correlated with this area withi n sports practice from the perspective of the inflammatory process versus the increase in local temperature. This study aimed to evaluate stress points and musculoskeletal biomechanics by ultrasonography and thermography in the cranial, middle and caudal r egions of the equine cervical spine, post equestrian exercise of the jumping modality, thus verifying the differences and demand between the regions and seeking to find a convergence point between both techniques. Twelve Brazilian Equestrian (BH) animals w ere used, divided into 2 high jump groups of 1.00m and 1.40m, which were evaluated by thermography and ultrasonography, pre and post training with 40 minutes, 2h and 24h after sports practice. The general results suggest that thermography was effective in elucidating the points with greater tension caused by the exercise, however, it was not possible to correlate with the ultrasound images, which did not show alterations in the evaluated cervical muscle structures, indicated by the increase in temperature b y thermography.
The cervical spine is essential in the movement and support of the neck in horses and the ana tomical and biomechanical knowledge of these animals are extremely important during the examination of the locomotor system in athletic horses. Considering that several cervical affections can have their seat in bone structures, in the nervous system or in soft tissues, such as muscles, highly important structures in performance animals, since muscle injuries can occur due to exercise, the ultrasound examination makes essential for the assessment of the cervical spine. Infrared thermography (IVT) is a noni and nononizing invasive technique that captures and records the thermal emission of the skin, capable of showing affections, even early, with any type of blood perfusion alteration, and can monitor the evolution of diseases correlated with this area withi n sports practice from the perspective of the inflammatory process versus the increase in local temperature. This study aimed to evaluate stress points and musculoskeletal biomechanics by ultrasonography and thermography in the cranial, middle and caudal r egions of the equine cervical spine, post equestrian exercise of the jumping modality, thus verifying the differences and demand between the regions and seeking to find a convergence point between both techniques. Twelve Brazilian Equestrian (BH) animals w ere used, divided into 2 high jump groups of 1.00m and 1.40m, which were evaluated by thermography and ultrasonography, pre and post training with 40 minutes, 2h and 24h after sports practice. The general results suggest that thermography was effective in elucidating the points with greater tension caused by the exercise, however, it was not possible to correlate with the ultrasound images, which did not show alterations in the evaluated cervical muscle structures, indicated by the increase in temperature b y thermography.
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Palavras-chave
Termografia, Ultrassonografia, Equino, Hipismo, Pescoço, Thermography, Ultrasound, Equine, Horse riding