Abordagem metaloproteômica de macro e microminerais em bovinos Nelore confinados com diferentes níveis de farelo de glúten de milho
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Data
2022-02-12
Autores
Araújo, Wellington Luiz de Paula
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Embora o perfil proteômico do músculo longissimus thoracis tenha sido relatado em estudos no Brasil e em outros países, dados disponíveis na literatura sobre alterações no proteoma de bovinos, ainda são poucos, particularmente sobre mudanças no perfil das proteínas e na interação com mineral em bovinos de corte. Na raça Nelore essas dificuldades se tornam ainda maiores. Artigo 1 (Capitulo II): o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos de diferentes níveis de Farelo de Glúten de Milho (DCGF – “Dry Corn Gluten Feed”) na dieta de terminação de bovinos Nelore, machos, não castrados, sobre características da qualidade da carne e do metaloproteoma do tecido muscular e da carne. Artigo 2 (Capitulo III): objetivou avaliar a inclusão de diferentes níveis de DCGF no perfil mineral e proteico (metaloproteomico) do tecido hepático de bovinos Nelore na terminação em confinamento e sobre a expressão de importantes proteínas no metabolismo animal. Para isto, foram utilizados 120 bovinos, machos não castrados, Nelore, com peso médio inicial de 361 kg, oriundos de pastagem, do mesmo rebanho. As dietas experimentais foram compostas de diferentes níveis de inclusão de DCGF (0%, 18%, 36% e 54%) em substituição ao milho grão. Após a coleta das amostras biológicas, foi obtido o proteoma por 2D PAGE, e utilizando o ImageMaster 2D Platinum 7.0, foi realizadas análises de expressão dos spots proteicos. A identificação das proteínas foi feita por cromatografia líquida–espectrometria de massa (LC-MS/MS). Após isso, foram determinados os minerais por espectrometria de absorção atômica com chama (FAAS) e forno de grafite (GFAAS). Por fim, estudos de bioinformática através de softwares específicos, foram identificos os níveis funcionais, vias metabólicas e interações metalproteína. Os resultados mostraram diferenças na expressão de proteínas do tecido muscular e da carne. Porem o Farelo de Glúten de Milho (DCGF) não se mostrou prejudicial à saúde hepática, sendo o ferro e o zinco os principais minerais do estudo, aparecendo em maiores frequências nos spots proteicos. A inclusão de DCGF nas dietas de terminação aumentou a ingestão de matéria seca, o ganho de peso diário, e o peso corporal final de bovinos Nelore. Diante disso, é indicado o uso do Farelo de Glúten de Milho seco como alternativa viável para inclusão na dieta quando se trata desses parâmetros, uma vez que não afetou negativamente o produto final, nem apresentou prejuízo à saúde animal.
Although the proteomic profile of the longissimus thoracis muscle has been reported in studies in Brazil and in other countries, the data available in the literature on alterations in the bovine proteome are still few, mainly on alterations in the protein profile and in the interaction with minerals in beef cattle. In the Nelore breed these difficulties become even greater. Manuscript 1 (Chapter II): the goal of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of Corn Gluten Flour (DCGF – “Dry Corn Gluten Feed”) in the finishing diet of uncastrated male Nellore cattle on beef quality and the metalloproteome of muscle tissue and meat. Manuscript 2 (Chapter III): aimed to evaluate the inclusion of different levels of DCGF in the mineral and protein (metalloproteomic) profile of the liver tissue of Nellore cattle in feedlot finishing and in the expression of important proteins in animal metabolism. For this, 120 bovines, not castrated males, of the Nelore breed, with an average initial weight of 361 kg, coming from pasture, from the same herd, were used. The experimental diets were composed of different levels of inclusion of DCGF (0%, 18%, 36% and 54%) in replacement of corn grain. After the collection of biological samples, the proteome was obtained by 2D PAGE, and using ImageMaster 2D Platinum 7.0, analyzes of expression of protein spots. Protein identification was performed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Then, the minerals were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and graphite furnace (GFAAS). Finally, bioinformatics studies were identified using specific software, functional levels, metabolic pathways and metal-protein interactions. The results showed differences in the expression of muscle tissue and meat proteins. However, corn gluten meal (DCGF) was not shown to be harmful to liver health, with iron and zinc being the main minerals in the study, appearing more frequently in protein spots. The inclusion of DCGF in finishing diets increased dry matter intake, daily weight gain and final body weight of Nellore cattle. Therefore, the use of dry corn gluten meal is indicated as a viable alternative for inclusion in the diet when it comes to these parameters, since it did not negatively affect the final product, nor did it harm animal health.
Although the proteomic profile of the longissimus thoracis muscle has been reported in studies in Brazil and in other countries, the data available in the literature on alterations in the bovine proteome are still few, mainly on alterations in the protein profile and in the interaction with minerals in beef cattle. In the Nelore breed these difficulties become even greater. Manuscript 1 (Chapter II): the goal of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of Corn Gluten Flour (DCGF – “Dry Corn Gluten Feed”) in the finishing diet of uncastrated male Nellore cattle on beef quality and the metalloproteome of muscle tissue and meat. Manuscript 2 (Chapter III): aimed to evaluate the inclusion of different levels of DCGF in the mineral and protein (metalloproteomic) profile of the liver tissue of Nellore cattle in feedlot finishing and in the expression of important proteins in animal metabolism. For this, 120 bovines, not castrated males, of the Nelore breed, with an average initial weight of 361 kg, coming from pasture, from the same herd, were used. The experimental diets were composed of different levels of inclusion of DCGF (0%, 18%, 36% and 54%) in replacement of corn grain. After the collection of biological samples, the proteome was obtained by 2D PAGE, and using ImageMaster 2D Platinum 7.0, analyzes of expression of protein spots. Protein identification was performed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Then, the minerals were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and graphite furnace (GFAAS). Finally, bioinformatics studies were identified using specific software, functional levels, metabolic pathways and metal-protein interactions. The results showed differences in the expression of muscle tissue and meat proteins. However, corn gluten meal (DCGF) was not shown to be harmful to liver health, with iron and zinc being the main minerals in the study, appearing more frequently in protein spots. The inclusion of DCGF in finishing diets increased dry matter intake, daily weight gain and final body weight of Nellore cattle. Therefore, the use of dry corn gluten meal is indicated as a viable alternative for inclusion in the diet when it comes to these parameters, since it did not negatively affect the final product, nor did it harm animal health.
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Palavras-chave
Nutrição animal, Metaloproteínas, Espectrometria de massas, GFAAS e FAAS, 2D-PAGE, Bovinos de corte, Farelo de glúten de milho, Animal nutrition, Metalloproteins, Mass spectrometry, Beef cattle, Dry corn gluten feed