Avaliação de diferentes protocolos de ativações, gerada pela mola de Sander, na verticalização de molares
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Data
2022-07-26
Autores
Brandão, Henrique Barcelos
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Introdução: Esse estudo avaliou por meio do Orthodontic Force Tester (OFT) o sistema de força gerado pela mola de Sander com diferentes ativações na verticalização do segundo molar inferior. Material e Método: No primeiro capítulo foram testadas três configurações de ativação da mola. A primeira geometria classificada como grupo 1 (G1) teve ativação de 30º no segmento posterior (β) e 0° no segmento anterior (α). A segunda geometria no grupo 2 (G2) teve ativação de 30º no segmento posterior (β) e 45° no segmento anterior (α). E o grupo 3 (G3) teve ativação de 30º no segmento posterior (β) e 60° no segmento anterior (α). O segundo capítulo testou o sistema de força gerado pela mola de Sander, com ativação de 30° no segmento posterior (β) e 0° no segmento anterior (α), divididos em 4 grupos (G0, G1, G2, G3), onde a conexão horizontal que une o fio de Níquel Titânio com o de aço foi fixada com 0, 1, 2, 3 mm, afastada da curvatura do fio que encaixa no tubo auxiliar do molar, respectivamente. Resultados: No capítulo 1, os molares em todos os grupos apresentaram extrusão no valor -1,33N para o G1, -0,78N para o G2 e -0,33 para o G3. Nos pré-molares a força foi predominantemente intrusiva, com variação de 1,34N para G1, 0,77N para G2 e 0,31N para G3. Com relação aos momentos de verticalização – Ty, do molar, verificou-se que os grupos apresentaram verticalização com momento distal e valores de 53,45N para G1, 19,87N para G2. Porém, o G3 gerou momento mesial de -6,23N. Com relação aos momentos de verticalização – Ty dos pré-molares verificou-se que os grupos G1, G2 e G3 apresentaram momentos distais e valores de 3,58N para G1, 2,45N para G2 e 0,682N para G3. No capítulo 2 os molares em todos os grupos apresentaram extrusão, no valor de -0,54N para o G0, -0,68N para o G1, -0,66N para o G2 e -0,66 para o G3. Na região anterior, de pré-molares, a força foi predominantemente intrusiva, com variação de 0,56N para G0, 0,61N para G1, 0,56N para G2 e 0,67N para G3. Com relação aos momentos de verticalização – Ty do molar verificou-se que os grupos apresentaram verticalização com momento distal e valores de 17,62N para G0, 16,47N para G1, 16,58N para G2 e 14,76N para G3. Com relação aos momentos de verticalização – Ty dos pré-molares verificou-se que, os grupos G0, G1, G2 e G3 apresentaram verticalização com momento distal e valores de 1,49N para G0, 2,63N para G1, 2,44N para G2 e 2,42N para G3. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que os sistemas de força gerados pelas diferentes configurações da mola de Sander não correspondem aos sistemas descritos na literatura anteriormente. Em todas as pré-ativações testadas houve força extrusiva no molar que está sendo verticalizado. A pré-ativação de 60º no segmento anterior gerou efeito de mais inclinação mesial no segmento do molar. Com relação com a distância pode-se concluir que o maior ou menor quantidade de fio de NiTi não produz diferença entre os grupos.
Introduction: This study evaluated, using the Orthodontic Force Tester (OFT), the force system generated by the Sander spring with different activations in the verticalization of the lower second molar. Material and Method: In the first chapter, three spring activation configurations were tested. The first geometry classified as group 1 (G1) had activation of 30º in the posterior segment (β) and 0º in the anterior segment (α). The second geometry in group 2 (G2) had activation of 30º in the posterior segment (β) and 45º in the anterior segment (α). And group 3 (G3) had activation of 30º in the posterior segment (β) and 60º in the anterior segment (α). The second chapter tested the force system generated by the Sander spring, with activation of 30° in the posterior segment (β) and 0° in the anterior segment (α), divided into 4 groups (G0, G1, G2, G3), where the horizontal connection that joins the nickel-titanium wire with the steel wire was fixed with 0, 1, 2, 3 mm, away from the curvature of the wire that fits in the molar auxiliary tube, respectively. Results: In chapter 1, the molars in all groups showed extrusion in the value -1.33N for G1, -0.78N for G2, and -0.33 for G3. In premolars, the force was predominantly intrusive, with a variation of 1.34N for G1, 0.77N for G2, and 0.31N for G3. Regarding the verticalization moments – Ty, of the molar, it was verified that the groups presented verticalization with distal moment and values of 53.45N for G1, and 19.87N for G2. However, the G3 generated a mesial moment of -6.23N. Regarding the verticalization moments – Ty of the premolars, it was verified that the groups G1, G2, and G3 presented distal moments and values of 3.58N for G1, 2.45N for G2, and 0.682N for G3. In chapter 2 the molars in all groups showed extrusion, in the value of -0.54N for G0, -0.68N for G1, -0.66N for G2, and -0.66 for G3. In the anterior region of premolars, the force was predominantly intrusive, with a variation of 0.56N for G0, 0.61N for G1, 0.56N for G2, and 0.67N for G3. Regarding the verticalization moments – Ty of the molar, it was verified that the groups presented verticalization with distal moment and values of 17.62N for G0, 16.47N for G1, 16.58N for G2, and 14.76N for G3. Regarding the verticalization moments – Ty of the premolars, it was verified that the groups G0, G1, G2, and G3 presented verticalization with distal moment and values of 1.49N for G0, 2.63N for G1, 2.44N for G2 and 2.42N for G3. Conclusion: It was concluded that the force systems generated by the different configurations of the Sander spring do not correspond to the systems described in the literature previously. In all pre-activations tested there was an extrusive force on the molar that is being verticalized. The pre-activation of 60º in the anterior segment generated an effect of more mesial tilt in the molar segment. Regarding the distance, it can be concluded that the greater or lesser amount of NiTi wire does not produce any difference between the groups.
Introduction: This study evaluated, using the Orthodontic Force Tester (OFT), the force system generated by the Sander spring with different activations in the verticalization of the lower second molar. Material and Method: In the first chapter, three spring activation configurations were tested. The first geometry classified as group 1 (G1) had activation of 30º in the posterior segment (β) and 0º in the anterior segment (α). The second geometry in group 2 (G2) had activation of 30º in the posterior segment (β) and 45º in the anterior segment (α). And group 3 (G3) had activation of 30º in the posterior segment (β) and 60º in the anterior segment (α). The second chapter tested the force system generated by the Sander spring, with activation of 30° in the posterior segment (β) and 0° in the anterior segment (α), divided into 4 groups (G0, G1, G2, G3), where the horizontal connection that joins the nickel-titanium wire with the steel wire was fixed with 0, 1, 2, 3 mm, away from the curvature of the wire that fits in the molar auxiliary tube, respectively. Results: In chapter 1, the molars in all groups showed extrusion in the value -1.33N for G1, -0.78N for G2, and -0.33 for G3. In premolars, the force was predominantly intrusive, with a variation of 1.34N for G1, 0.77N for G2, and 0.31N for G3. Regarding the verticalization moments – Ty, of the molar, it was verified that the groups presented verticalization with distal moment and values of 53.45N for G1, and 19.87N for G2. However, the G3 generated a mesial moment of -6.23N. Regarding the verticalization moments – Ty of the premolars, it was verified that the groups G1, G2, and G3 presented distal moments and values of 3.58N for G1, 2.45N for G2, and 0.682N for G3. In chapter 2 the molars in all groups showed extrusion, in the value of -0.54N for G0, -0.68N for G1, -0.66N for G2, and -0.66 for G3. In the anterior region of premolars, the force was predominantly intrusive, with a variation of 0.56N for G0, 0.61N for G1, 0.56N for G2, and 0.67N for G3. Regarding the verticalization moments – Ty of the molar, it was verified that the groups presented verticalization with distal moment and values of 17.62N for G0, 16.47N for G1, 16.58N for G2, and 14.76N for G3. Regarding the verticalization moments – Ty of the premolars, it was verified that the groups G0, G1, G2, and G3 presented verticalization with distal moment and values of 1.49N for G0, 2.63N for G1, 2.44N for G2 and 2.42N for G3. Conclusion: It was concluded that the force systems generated by the different configurations of the Sander spring do not correspond to the systems described in the literature previously. In all pre-activations tested there was an extrusive force on the molar that is being verticalized. The pre-activation of 60º in the anterior segment generated an effect of more mesial tilt in the molar segment. Regarding the distance, it can be concluded that the greater or lesser amount of NiTi wire does not produce any difference between the groups.
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Palavras-chave
Ortodontia corretiva, Fenômenos biomecânicos, Técnicas de movimentação dentária, Orthodontics corrective, Biomechanical phenomena, Tooth movement techniques