Limiar de dor à pressão e reação ao toque de adultos portadores de Síndrome de Down e neurotípicos
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2022-08-23
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A Síndrome de Down (SD) é, atualmente, a condição cromossômica associada a deficiência intelectual mais comum na população mundial, e é caracterizada por uma variedade de achados clínicos adicionais. Pessoas com SD apresentam alteração na percepção e manifestação dos estímulos dolorosos de forma diferente e isto pode ser devido à deficiência cognitiva em associação ao déficit neuro motor, e não somente ao atraso da transmissão dolorosa, como alguns autores acreditavam. Diante disto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o limiar de dor à pressão dos músculos masseter, temporal e flexor do polegar utilizando a algometria, bem como analisar a aceitação ao toque social em indivíduos com SD por meio de questionário e comparar com neurotípicos através de uma pesquisa descritiva. Os dados obtidos nas avaliações foram submetidos aos testes de normalidade, a fim de se determinar se os mesmos provinham ou não de uma distribuição normal. O Limiar de dor à Pressão não apresentou normalidade, portanto foi submetido ao teste Mann-Whitney, e o Toque Social apresentou normalidade e foi submetido ao teste T de Student, ambos com nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados mostraram que o limiar de dor à pressão de todos os músculos analisados do grupo SD foi significativamente maior (p< 0,001) do que no grupo controle. Entretanto, a aceitação ao toque social foi semelhante entre os grupos (p=0,270). Concluiu-se que o limiar de dor à pressão é significantemente maior em indivíduos com SD em comparação aos neurotípicos, porém a aceitação ao toque social é semelhante entre os grupos.
Down syndrome (DS) is currently the most common chromosomal condition associated with intellectual disability in the world population, and is characterized by a variety of additional clinical findings. People with DS present alterations in the perception and manifestation of painful stimuli differently and this may be due to cognitive impairment in association with neuromotor deficit, and not only to the delay in pain transmission, as some authors believed. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the pressure pain threshold of the masseter, temporal and flexor muscles of the thumb using algometry, as well as to analyze the acceptance of social touch in individuals with DS through a questionnaire and compare with neurotypical patients. through a descriptive research. The data obtained in the evaluations were submitted to normality tests, in order to determine whether or not they came from a normal distribution. Pressure Pain Threshold was not normal, so it was submitted to the Mann-Whitney test, and Social Touch was normal and was submitted to Student's T test, both with a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the pressure pain threshold of all analyzed muscles in the SD group was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in the control group. However, acceptance of social touch was similar between groups (p=0.270). It was concluded that the pressure pain threshold is significantly higher in individuals with DS compared to neurotypicals, but the acceptance of social touch is similar between the groups.
Down syndrome (DS) is currently the most common chromosomal condition associated with intellectual disability in the world population, and is characterized by a variety of additional clinical findings. People with DS present alterations in the perception and manifestation of painful stimuli differently and this may be due to cognitive impairment in association with neuromotor deficit, and not only to the delay in pain transmission, as some authors believed. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the pressure pain threshold of the masseter, temporal and flexor muscles of the thumb using algometry, as well as to analyze the acceptance of social touch in individuals with DS through a questionnaire and compare with neurotypical patients. through a descriptive research. The data obtained in the evaluations were submitted to normality tests, in order to determine whether or not they came from a normal distribution. Pressure Pain Threshold was not normal, so it was submitted to the Mann-Whitney test, and Social Touch was normal and was submitted to Student's T test, both with a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the pressure pain threshold of all analyzed muscles in the SD group was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in the control group. However, acceptance of social touch was similar between groups (p=0.270). It was concluded that the pressure pain threshold is significantly higher in individuals with DS compared to neurotypicals, but the acceptance of social touch is similar between the groups.
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Palavras-chave
Síndrome de Down, Sensação, Limiar da dor, Pain threshold