Análise filogenética, morfometria e revisão taxonômica em Anthurium sect. Urospadix Engl. emend. Temponi, Nadruz, Croat & Carlsen (Araceae)
Data
2022-07-27
Autores
Hammes, Janaine Kunrath [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Araceae possui aproximadamente 3.400 espécies, distribuídas pelas Américas Tropical e do Norte. O gênero Anthurium Schott a é o maior da família, pertencente à subfamília Pothoideae, com 950 espécies e no Brasil é representado por 153 espécies, das quais 123 são endêmicas. É monofilético e reúne 19 seções, porém com muitas discordâncias nessas classificações infragenéricas, pois são baseadas geralmente em caracteres morfológicos foliares. Apenas cinco destas seções ocorrem no Brasil, das quais Anthurium sect. Urospadix Temponi, Nadruz, Croat & Carlsen se destaca por reunir a grande maioria das espécies endêmicas para o Brasil. Este trabalho propôs ampliar os estudos filogenéticos para essa seção de Anthurium, revisar taxonomicamente A. sect. Urospadix subsect. Insculptinervia, encontrar caracteres morfológicos para seu reconhecimento e realizar a morfometria do contorno foliar do complexo Anthurium coriaceum (Graham) G.Don, usando Análise Elíptica de Fourier. A análise filogenética baseada em caracteres morfológicos apresentou sinapomorfias e agrupou espécies que previamente já são conhecidas como seções ou subseções, o que demonstra que as características morfológicas e observadas in situ, auxiliam na delimitação dos grupos. Na revisão taxonômica de Anthurium sect. Urospadix subsect. Insculptinervia, a subseção foi ampliada de cinco para 15 espécies, endêmicas da Mata Atlântica, além disso a seção Urospadix bem como a subseção Insculptinervia foram tipificadas. Além destes resultados a morfometria do complexo A. coriaceum permitiu a resolução e sinonimização de Anthurium vallidinervium Engl. em A. coriaceum e consequentemente a sinonimização desta subseção monoespecífica. Os dados da morfometria demonstraram uma evidente diferenciação da forma foliar elíptica-ovada nas populações de Espírito Santo e Rio de Janeiro e obovada nas populaçõesde São Paulo, Paraná e Santa Catarina.
Araceae has approximately 3.400 species, distributed across Tropical and North America. The genus Anthurium Schott is the largest of the family, belonging to the subfamily Pothoideae with 950 species, and in Brazil, it is represented by 153 species, of which 123 are endemic. It is monophyletic and comprises 19 sections, but with many disagreements in these infrageneric classifications, as they are generally based on leaf morphological characters. Only five of these sections occur in Brazil, of which Anthurium sect. Urospadix Temponi, Nadruz, Croat & Carlsen stands out for comprising the vast majority of species endemic to Brazil. This research proposed to expand the phylogenetic studies for this section of Anthurium, taxonomically review A. sect. Urospadix subsect. Insculptinervia, find morphological characters for species recognition and perform morphometry of the leaf contour of the Anthurium coriaceum (Graham) G.Don complex, using the Fourier Elliptic Analysis. The phylogenetic analysis based on morphological characters showed synapomorphies and grouped species previously known as sections or subsections, which demonstrates that the morphological characteristics observed in situ help in the groups delimitations. The subsection Anthurium sect. Urospadix subsect. Insculptinervia was expanded from five to 15 species in the taxonomic review, all endemic to the Atlantic Forest. In addition, the Urospadix section, as well as the Urospadix subsection, were herein typified. The morphometry of the A. coriaceum complex allowed the resolution and synonymization of Anthurium vallidinervium Engl. in A. coriaceum and consequently the synonymization of this monospecific subsection. The morphometric data also showed an evident differentiation in leaf shape, elliptical ovate in the Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro populations, and obovate in the São Paulo, Paraná, and Santa Catarina populations.
Araceae has approximately 3.400 species, distributed across Tropical and North America. The genus Anthurium Schott is the largest of the family, belonging to the subfamily Pothoideae with 950 species, and in Brazil, it is represented by 153 species, of which 123 are endemic. It is monophyletic and comprises 19 sections, but with many disagreements in these infrageneric classifications, as they are generally based on leaf morphological characters. Only five of these sections occur in Brazil, of which Anthurium sect. Urospadix Temponi, Nadruz, Croat & Carlsen stands out for comprising the vast majority of species endemic to Brazil. This research proposed to expand the phylogenetic studies for this section of Anthurium, taxonomically review A. sect. Urospadix subsect. Insculptinervia, find morphological characters for species recognition and perform morphometry of the leaf contour of the Anthurium coriaceum (Graham) G.Don complex, using the Fourier Elliptic Analysis. The phylogenetic analysis based on morphological characters showed synapomorphies and grouped species previously known as sections or subsections, which demonstrates that the morphological characteristics observed in situ help in the groups delimitations. The subsection Anthurium sect. Urospadix subsect. Insculptinervia was expanded from five to 15 species in the taxonomic review, all endemic to the Atlantic Forest. In addition, the Urospadix section, as well as the Urospadix subsection, were herein typified. The morphometry of the A. coriaceum complex allowed the resolution and synonymization of Anthurium vallidinervium Engl. in A. coriaceum and consequently the synonymization of this monospecific subsection. The morphometric data also showed an evident differentiation in leaf shape, elliptical ovate in the Espírito Santo and Rio de Janeiro populations, and obovate in the São Paulo, Paraná, and Santa Catarina populations.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Filogenia, Mata Atlântica, Matriz morfológica, Sistemática, Phylogeny, Atlantic forest, Morphological matrix, Systematics