Impacto da pandemia sobre consumo e custo em itens utilizados na assistência em unidade de pronto atendimento do interior do estado de São Paulo, e elaboração de material educativo
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Data
2022-11-03
Autores
Perez, Franciele Costa da Silva
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Durante a pandemia de novo coronavírus, houve aumento na demanda por recursos humanos e físicos para o atendimento de pacientes nas unidades de saúde em todo o país. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre os reais custos aplicados no combate à pandemia. A proposta deste estudo foi avaliar o impacto da COVID-19 sobre o consumo e custos de materiais e medicamentos de uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento de um município do interior do Estado de São Paulo, e elaborar uma cartilha institucional de orientação sobre custos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, retrospectivo, com análise quantitativa dos dados de uma unidade de saúde da rede pré-hospitalar pública de um município do interior do estado de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados por meio de relatórios gerenciais, gerados por software de gestão hospitalar, referente ao período de 12 meses pré-pandemia (janeiro a dezembro/2019); e de pandemia (julho/2020 a junho/2021), sendo ambos tabulados e analisados por métodos financeiros e estatísticos. Os momentos pré- e pós-início da pandemia foram comparados por meio do teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney. O aumento dos custos acompanhou a elevação de atendimentos de pacientes com COVID-19, realizados na mesma unidade. Grande parte dos produtos, equipamentos de proteção individual e medicamentos utilizados para combate à COVID-19 teve aumento de seus preços acima dos parâmetros observados no período anterior, refletindo diretamente nos custos da instituição. Conclui-se que o aumento da demanda associado à escassez de produtos acarretou na elevação acentuada nos preços dos insumos, equipamentos de proteção individual e medicamentos utilizados no combate à COVID-19 na unidade estudada. Diante disso, a elaboração de uma cartilha de orientação sobre custos, direcionada aos profissionais da saúde, é uma importante ferramenta para nortear a política de controle de custos.
During the new coronavirus pandemic, there was an increase in demand for human and physical resources for the assistance of patients in health units across the country. However, little known about the real costs applied in combating the pandemic. The purpose of this study was evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on the consumption and costs of materials and medicines in an emergency care unit in a city in the countryside of São Paulo, and to prepare an institutional cost guidebook. This is a cross-sectional, retrospective study, with quantitative analysis of data from a health unit of the public pre-hospital network in a city in the countryside of São Paulo. Data were collected through management reports, generated by hospital management software, referring to the 12 months pre-pandemic period (January to December/2019); and pandemic (July/2020 to June/2021), being both tabulated and analyzed by financial and statistical methods. The pre- and post-pandemic times were compared using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. The increase in costs accompanied of more assistance to the patients with COVID-19 performed in the same unit. Most of the products, personal protective equipment and medicines used to combat COVID-19 had their prices increased above the parameters observed in the previous period, directly reflecting the institution's costs. The increase in demand associated with the scarcity of products resulted in a sharp rise in the prices of inputs, personal protective equipment and medicines used to combat COVID-19 in the unit studied. So, the elaboration of a cost guidebook targeted at health professionals is an important tool to guide the cost control policy.
During the new coronavirus pandemic, there was an increase in demand for human and physical resources for the assistance of patients in health units across the country. However, little known about the real costs applied in combating the pandemic. The purpose of this study was evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on the consumption and costs of materials and medicines in an emergency care unit in a city in the countryside of São Paulo, and to prepare an institutional cost guidebook. This is a cross-sectional, retrospective study, with quantitative analysis of data from a health unit of the public pre-hospital network in a city in the countryside of São Paulo. Data were collected through management reports, generated by hospital management software, referring to the 12 months pre-pandemic period (January to December/2019); and pandemic (July/2020 to June/2021), being both tabulated and analyzed by financial and statistical methods. The pre- and post-pandemic times were compared using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. The increase in costs accompanied of more assistance to the patients with COVID-19 performed in the same unit. Most of the products, personal protective equipment and medicines used to combat COVID-19 had their prices increased above the parameters observed in the previous period, directly reflecting the institution's costs. The increase in demand associated with the scarcity of products resulted in a sharp rise in the prices of inputs, personal protective equipment and medicines used to combat COVID-19 in the unit studied. So, the elaboration of a cost guidebook targeted at health professionals is an important tool to guide the cost control policy.
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Palavras-chave
Custos, Atençao à saúde, Custos hospitalares, Covid-19 (Doença), Saúde Pública, Material didádico, Health Care Costs, Hospital costs, Public health