Mundo e narrativa, tempo e ética: os limiares da fantasia contemporânea como ramificação da grande épica
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Data
2022-11-08
Autores
Souza, Luís Otávio Araujo Leal de
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho visa a estudar a fantasia contemporânea como narrativa e, partindo das teorias da narrativa, do fantástico e do romance, colocá-la em paralelo com gêneros da grande épica, como o romance e a epopeia, partindo de obras do gênero, a saber, O nome do vento (2009), O temor do sábio (2011) e A música do silêncio (2014), de Patrick Rothfuss, As mentiras de Locke Lamora (2014), de Scott Lynch e O Circo Mecânico Tresaulti (2016), de Geneviéve Valentine. Tais obras, depois de devidamente expostas as bases teóricas que alicerçarão este trabalho, serão analisadas a partir dos escopos formal (o narrador, o ponto de vista, os personagens, a organização temporal, as ferramentas narrativas utilizadas para criação de efeitos de sentido etc.) e temático (a representação do mundo, o conceito de real, a ética, os conflitos dramáticos, os elementos sobrenaturais etc.) e contrastadas com obras pertencentes a gêneros já consolidados da grande épica, com o intuito de compreender se a fantasia contemporânea melhor seria descrita como um gênero, uma corrente, um modo ou um subgênero do romance ao qual é imanente certa carga temática, bem como de situar a fantasia em relação ao fantástico e ao maravilhoso, de forma a compreender quais papeis são desempenhados pelos elementos sobrenaturais na fantasia contemporânea e quais de seus efeitos de sentido e artifícios formais poderiam ser reproduzidos ou replicados separadamente do elemento sobrenatural e de outros fenômenos temáticos e formais que vierem a se mostrar mais ou menos inerentes à fantasia contemporânea. Por fim, é também do interesse deste trabalho compreender quais das características das obras selecionadas como objetos de estudo mostram-se uma espécie de tendência entre narrativas de fantasia e quais mais parecem uma peculiaridade do autor ou de dita obra, para que seja assim possível traçar os limites da fantasia contemporânea, seja como gênero, modo, corrente ou simples carga de elementos temáticos.
This work intends to study contemporary fantasy as a narrative form and to compare it with different genres of epic literature, such as the novel and the epic poem. For this purpose, this work is going to base itself on the works O nome do vento (2009), O temor do sábio (2011) and A música do silêncio (2014), from Patrick Rothfuss, As mentiras de Locke Lamora (2014), from Scott Lynch, and O Circo Mecânico Tresaulti (2016), from Geneviéve Valentine. These works will be analyzed inside the spectrums of the form (such as narrator, point of view, time, narrative tools and its effects) and the theme (such as the depiction of the world, the concept of reality, ethics, conflict, supernatural elements). These analyses will be compared to works from already solidified epic genres in order to know if contemporary fantasy is better described as a genre, a current, a mode or a subgenre of the novel that contains a determined theme. It will also make it possible to establish the relations contemporary fantasy has with the fantastic and the marvelous, intending to determine which roles are played by the supernatural in contemporary fantasy and which of its tools and effects could be replicated or reproduced without the supernatural element and other themes that come out being more or less inherent to the contemporary fantasy. Finally, this work also intends to define which characteristics of the works that will be analyzed end up being some kind of tendency between diverse narratives of fantasy and which of these characteristics are more of a peculiarity of its author or of the work itself, in order to make it possible to define the limits of contemporary fantasy, be it as a genre, a mode, a current, or simply as a set of themes.
This work intends to study contemporary fantasy as a narrative form and to compare it with different genres of epic literature, such as the novel and the epic poem. For this purpose, this work is going to base itself on the works O nome do vento (2009), O temor do sábio (2011) and A música do silêncio (2014), from Patrick Rothfuss, As mentiras de Locke Lamora (2014), from Scott Lynch, and O Circo Mecânico Tresaulti (2016), from Geneviéve Valentine. These works will be analyzed inside the spectrums of the form (such as narrator, point of view, time, narrative tools and its effects) and the theme (such as the depiction of the world, the concept of reality, ethics, conflict, supernatural elements). These analyses will be compared to works from already solidified epic genres in order to know if contemporary fantasy is better described as a genre, a current, a mode or a subgenre of the novel that contains a determined theme. It will also make it possible to establish the relations contemporary fantasy has with the fantastic and the marvelous, intending to determine which roles are played by the supernatural in contemporary fantasy and which of its tools and effects could be replicated or reproduced without the supernatural element and other themes that come out being more or less inherent to the contemporary fantasy. Finally, this work also intends to define which characteristics of the works that will be analyzed end up being some kind of tendency between diverse narratives of fantasy and which of these characteristics are more of a peculiarity of its author or of the work itself, in order to make it possible to define the limits of contemporary fantasy, be it as a genre, a mode, a current, or simply as a set of themes.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Literatura, Fantasia na literatura, O fantástico na literatura, Espaço e tempo na literatura, Ficção fantástica, Literature, Fantasy in literature, Fantastic in literature, Time and space in literature, Fantastic fiction