Alternativa verde para extração de princípios ativos das folhas de Psidium guajava L. utilizando Solventes Eutéticos Naturais (NADES)
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Data
2023-02-10
Autores
Santos, Letícia Mendes Borges dos
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar uma alternativa segura e sustentável para extrair marcadores (ácido gálico, catequina e rutina) das folhas de goiabeira (Psidium guajava L.), utilizando uma promissora classe de solventes verdes, denominada Solventes Eutéticos Naturais (Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents, NADES). As extrações com NADES foram comparadas com extrações convencionais relatadas na literatura científica e farmacopéias. Foram comparadas as eficiências de 4 extrações convencionais com as de 4 combinações de NADES. Em todas as extrações foi utilizado 1 grama de material vegetal para 20 mL de solvente. Dentre os métodos avaliados, a extração utilizando NADES baseado em cloreto de colina : ácido lático (1:3, mol/mol) e ultrassom foi a que apresentou a maior eficiência de extração dos marcadores (1) ácido gálico, (2) catequina e (3) rutina das folhas de P.guajava. Os NADES são formados por substâncias naturais obtidas de fontes renováveis (metabólitos primários das plantas), sendo essas biodegradáveis e de baixa toxicidade e, portanto, são solventes com grande potencial para substituir os solventes convencionais .
This work aimed to evaluate a safe and sustainable alternative for extracting markers (gallic acid, catechin and rutin) from guava (Psidium guajava L.) leaves, using a promising class of green solvents, called Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES). The extractions with NADES were compared with conventional extractions reported in the scientific literature and pharmacopoeias. The efficiencies of 4 conventional extractions were compared with those of 4 combinations of NADES. In all extractions, 1 g of plant material was used for 20 mL of solvent. Among the methods evaluated, extraction using NADES choline chloride : lactic acid (1:3, mol/mol) based and ultrasound showed the highest extraction efficiency for the markers (1) gallic acid, (2) catechin, and (3) rutin from P.guajava L. leaves. NADES are formed by natural substances obtained from renewable sources (primary plant metabolites), which are biodegradable and of low toxicity and, therefore, are solvents with great potential to replace conventional solvents.
This work aimed to evaluate a safe and sustainable alternative for extracting markers (gallic acid, catechin and rutin) from guava (Psidium guajava L.) leaves, using a promising class of green solvents, called Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES). The extractions with NADES were compared with conventional extractions reported in the scientific literature and pharmacopoeias. The efficiencies of 4 conventional extractions were compared with those of 4 combinations of NADES. In all extractions, 1 g of plant material was used for 20 mL of solvent. Among the methods evaluated, extraction using NADES choline chloride : lactic acid (1:3, mol/mol) based and ultrasound showed the highest extraction efficiency for the markers (1) gallic acid, (2) catechin, and (3) rutin from P.guajava L. leaves. NADES are formed by natural substances obtained from renewable sources (primary plant metabolites), which are biodegradable and of low toxicity and, therefore, are solvents with great potential to replace conventional solvents.
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Palavras-chave
Psidium guajava L., Metabólitos secundários, NADES, Secondary Metabolites