Formação em psicologia e mercado de trabalho: inserção, estresse e qualidade de vida
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Data
2023-03-01
Autores
Macedo, Simone Pantaleão
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este estudo - transversal, quali-quantitativo, descritivo, inferencial e exploratório - buscou identificar e analisar as varáveis vinculadas ao curso de Psicologia de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior, a inserção no mercado de trabalho dos psicólogos formados, suas dificuldades e desafios, bem como o grau de vulnerabilidade de estresse ao trabalho, e percepção de qualidade de vida no ambiente laboral. Participaram da pesquisa 186 profissionais formados em Psicologia no período de 2006 a 2018, os quais responderam aos questionários elaborados pelos autores, à Escalas de Vulnerabilidade de Estresse ao Trabalho (EVENT) e à Escala de Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT). A amostra foi composta majoritariamente pelo gênero feminino, com faixa etária entre 20 e 39 anos. Com relação ao ano de formação dos egressos, a maior concentração de participantes foi entre 2015 e 2018 e os inseridos no mercado de trabalho totalizaram 73,12% (n=136), com uma porcentagem representativa de profissionais atuando na área clínica, da saúde e na assistência social. Em relação às dificuldades apontadas pelos participantes desta pesquisa sobressaíram a falta de conhecimento da profissão pela sociedade, a restrição no mercado de trabalho, a incompatibilidade entre o salário pago e o desejado, a falta de especialização e a falta de capacitação profissional. Ao analisar a vulnerabilidade de estresse ao trabalho foi percebida alta frequência de estressores relacionados ao clima e funcionamento dos locais de trabalho, com apontamentos para sobrecarga de atividades laborais e incômodos quanto à infraestrutura e rotina no ambiente de trabalho. Em relação à Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho, os psicólogos/as perceberam que no ambiente de trabalho há adequado relacionamento interpessoal profissional, sendo possível verificar o respeito e autonomia entre os trabalhadores. Concluiu-se que o grupo de psicólogos investigados tiveram uma formação com qualidade suficiente para inserção no mercado de trabalho, ocorrida em tempo razoavelmente curto. As dificuldades e desafios encontrados apontaram para fatores frequentes nos inícios de carreira e trouxeram como dispositivo importante de crescimento e enfrentamento dos desafios a inserção na educação continuada, com cursos de extensão, pós-graduação e aprimoramentos.
This cross-sectional, quali-quantitative, descriptive, inferential and exploratory study sought to identify and analyze the variables linked to the Psychology course at a Higher Education Institution, the insertion of trained psychologists into the labor market, their difficulties and challenges, as well as, the degree of vulnerability to stress at work, and perception of quality of life in the work environment. 186 professionals trained in Psychology from 2006 to 2018 participated in the survey, who answered the questionnaires prepared by the authors, the Stress Vulnerability Scale at Work (EVENT) and the Quality of Life at Work Scale (QVT). The sample consisted mostly of females, aged between 20 and 39 years. Regarding the year of graduation of the graduates, the highest concentration of participants was between 2015 and 2018 and those inserted in the labor market totaled 73.12% (n=136), with a representative percentage of professionals working in the clinical, health area and in social assistance. Regarding the difficulties pointed out by the participants of this research, the lack of knowledge about the profession by society, the restriction in the labor market, the incompatibility between the salary paid and the desired one, the lack of specialization and the lack of professional training stood out. When analyzing the vulnerability to stress at work, a high frequency of stressors related to the climate and functioning of the workplace was noticed, with notes for overload of work activities and discomfort regarding the infrastructure and routine in the work environment. Regarding the Quality of Life at Work, psychologists realized that in the work environment there is adequate professional interpersonal relationship, and it is possible to verify respect and autonomy among workers. It was concluded that the group of investigated psychologists had a training with sufficient quality to enter the job market, which occurred in a reasonably short time. The difficulties and challenges encountered pointed to frequent factors at the beginning of a career, and brought insertion into continuing education as an important device for growth and coping with challenges, with extension courses, postgraduate courses and improvements.
This cross-sectional, quali-quantitative, descriptive, inferential and exploratory study sought to identify and analyze the variables linked to the Psychology course at a Higher Education Institution, the insertion of trained psychologists into the labor market, their difficulties and challenges, as well as, the degree of vulnerability to stress at work, and perception of quality of life in the work environment. 186 professionals trained in Psychology from 2006 to 2018 participated in the survey, who answered the questionnaires prepared by the authors, the Stress Vulnerability Scale at Work (EVENT) and the Quality of Life at Work Scale (QVT). The sample consisted mostly of females, aged between 20 and 39 years. Regarding the year of graduation of the graduates, the highest concentration of participants was between 2015 and 2018 and those inserted in the labor market totaled 73.12% (n=136), with a representative percentage of professionals working in the clinical, health area and in social assistance. Regarding the difficulties pointed out by the participants of this research, the lack of knowledge about the profession by society, the restriction in the labor market, the incompatibility between the salary paid and the desired one, the lack of specialization and the lack of professional training stood out. When analyzing the vulnerability to stress at work, a high frequency of stressors related to the climate and functioning of the workplace was noticed, with notes for overload of work activities and discomfort regarding the infrastructure and routine in the work environment. Regarding the Quality of Life at Work, psychologists realized that in the work environment there is adequate professional interpersonal relationship, and it is possible to verify respect and autonomy among workers. It was concluded that the group of investigated psychologists had a training with sufficient quality to enter the job market, which occurred in a reasonably short time. The difficulties and challenges encountered pointed to frequent factors at the beginning of a career, and brought insertion into continuing education as an important device for growth and coping with challenges, with extension courses, postgraduate courses and improvements.
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Formação em Psicologia, Mercado de Trabalho, Estresse no trabalho, Qualidade de vida no trabalho, Training in Psychology, Job market, Work stress, Quality of life at work.