Estratégias de povoamento e despesca no cultivo do camarão-da-amazônia Macrobrachium amazonicum: efeitos na estrutura populacional e na produção
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Data
2007-08-03
Autores
Preto, Bruno de Lima [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a influência do gradeamento e das despescas seletivas na estrutura populacional do Macrobrachium amazonicum. Doze viveiros de aproximadamente 0,01 ha foram estocados com 40 juvenis/m². O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com quatro tratamentos e três repetições. Os tratamentos foram: fração “upper” de juvenis gradeados, fração “lower” de juvenis gradeados, juvenis não gradeados mais uso de despescas seletivas e juvenis não gradeados (tradicional). As principais variáveis físicas e químicas da água foram monitoradas. Os camarões foram alimentados com dieta comercial peletizada (35% de proteína bruta). A biomassa dos camarões foi estimada por meio de biometrias realizadas a cada três semanas. Nestas, os camarões eram pesados e diagnosticados quanto ao sexo. Os machos foram classificados em “Translucent Claw”, “Cinnamon Claw”, “Green Claw 1” e “Green Claw 2”. As fêmeas foram classificadas em ovígeras, adultas não ovígeras e virgens. Estes parâmetros também foram estudados nas amostras dos camarões retirados nas despescas seletivas. Após 3,5 meses de cultivo foi realizada a despesca total. Os animais foram contados e uma amostra de 10 % de cada viveiro foi analisada quanto aos mesmos parâmetros das biometrias. O gradeamento dos juvenis e o uso das despescas seletivas alteram a estrutura populacional do M. amazonicum. A estrutura populacional no tratamento “lower” foi menos desenvolvida que no tratamento “upper”. Já a estrutura populacional no tratamento despesca seletiva foi alterada com a retirada dos animais dominantes ao longo do cultivo.
This work aimed to evaluate size-grading and selective harvesting effects on population structure of Macrobrachium amazonicum. Twelve 0.01 ha ponds were stocked with 40 juveniles/m². A randomized-complete-blocks design with 4 treatments and 3 replicates was used. The treatments were: upper size-graded juveniles, lower size14 graded juveniles, non-graded juveniles with selective harvesting and non-graded juveniles (traditional). The important water parameters for aquaculture were monitored. The animals were feed with a commercial pellet diet (35% crude protein). The prawn biomass was estimated throughout sample weighting every three week. After sex separation, the males were classified as “Translucent Claw”, “Cinnamon Claw”, “Green Claw 1” and “Green Claw 2”; and the females as barried, opened and virgins. That was also applied with the selective harvesting. After 3.5 months the ponds were completely harvested. The animals were counted and a 10% sample of each pond was weighted, sexed and classified. The size-grading juveniles and culled harvest changed the population structure of this specie. It was less developed in the lower size-graded compared to the upper size-graded treatment. The population structure in selective harvesting treatment was changed by the harvest of the dominant animals over the experimental period.
This work aimed to evaluate size-grading and selective harvesting effects on population structure of Macrobrachium amazonicum. Twelve 0.01 ha ponds were stocked with 40 juveniles/m². A randomized-complete-blocks design with 4 treatments and 3 replicates was used. The treatments were: upper size-graded juveniles, lower size14 graded juveniles, non-graded juveniles with selective harvesting and non-graded juveniles (traditional). The important water parameters for aquaculture were monitored. The animals were feed with a commercial pellet diet (35% crude protein). The prawn biomass was estimated throughout sample weighting every three week. After sex separation, the males were classified as “Translucent Claw”, “Cinnamon Claw”, “Green Claw 1” and “Green Claw 2”; and the females as barried, opened and virgins. That was also applied with the selective harvesting. After 3.5 months the ponds were completely harvested. The animals were counted and a 10% sample of each pond was weighted, sexed and classified. The size-grading juveniles and culled harvest changed the population structure of this specie. It was less developed in the lower size-graded compared to the upper size-graded treatment. The population structure in selective harvesting treatment was changed by the harvest of the dominant animals over the experimental period.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Camarão, Produção animal, Macrobrachium amazonicum, Estrutura populacional
Como citar
PRETO, Bruno de Lima. Estratégias de povoamento e despesca no cultivo do camarão-da-amazônia Macrobrachium amazonicum: efeitos na estrutura populacional e na produção. 2007. 44 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Centro de Aqüicultura, 2007.