Influência da radioterapia para tratamento de lesões malignas de cabeça e pescoço sobre a ocorrência de microrganismos bucais
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Data
2010-02-08
Autores
Sousa, Fátima Regina Nunes de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A radioterapia é uma das terapias mais empregadas em lesões malignas de cabeça e pescoço, podendo está associada ou não a outras modalidades terapêuticas cirurgia e quimioterapia. Entretanto esta terapia pode interferir na qualidade de vida dos pacientes, podendo alterar a evolução do tratamento devido a efeitos colaterais indesejáveis como mucosite, xerostomia, disgeusia, dermatite, candidose. O presente estudo objetiva avaliar a microbiota bucal de pacientes submetidos à radioterapia para tratamento de lesões malignas de cabeça e pescoço. A amostra constituiu de 51 pacientes numa instituição privada de radioterapia de São José do Rio Preto-SP. Os pacientes foram avaliados em três momentos, antes de iniciar a radioterapia, preenchendo a ficha clínica que incluía dados sócio demográficos, avaliação dentária e periodontal; no segundo momento avaliava as alterações bucais e peribucais decorrentes da radioterapia entre 15 e 22 dias; e terceiro momento, no qual esses pacientes foram avaliados imediatamente após a conclusão da terapia. Em todas essas fases os espécimes coletados foram biofilme supragengival, biofilme subgengival, mucosa lisa, dorso de língua, além de amostras de saliva, os quais foram detectados por PCR. Os microrganismos avaliados foram A. actinomycetemcomitans, F. nucleatum, P. micra, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, P. nigrescens, T. forsythia, T. denticola e leveduras do gênero Candida. A ocorrência de complicações agudas, como xerostomia e mucosite em decorrência da radioterapia alterou significativamente os microrganismos anaeróbios Gram-negativos estudados e leveduras do gênero Candida, exceto P. nigrescens e A. actinomyctemcomitans. A higiene bucal regular dos pacientes irradiados contribuíram com a proliferação dos microrganismos facilitando a adesão microbiana...
Radiotherapy is one of the most widely used therapies in malignant head and neck can is not associated with other treatment modalities surgery and chemotherapy. However, this therapy can interfere with quality of life of patients and may alter the course of treatment due to side effects such mucositis, xerostomia, dysgeusia, dermatitis, candidiasis. This study aims to evaluate the oral microbiota of patients undergoing radiotherapy for treatment of malignant head and neck. The sample consisted of 51 patients in a private institute of radiotherapy, Sao Jose do Rio Preto-SP. Patients were evaluated three times, before starting radiotherapy, filling the medical records that included socio demographic data, dental and periodontal evaluation, in the second moment evaluated the oral and perioral changes caused by radiotherapy between 15 and 22 days and third time in which these patients were assessed immediately after the completion of therapy. In all these stages the specimens were collected supragingival biofilm, subgingival biofilm, flat mucosa, tongue, and saliva samples, which were detected using PCR. The microorganisms evaluated were A. actinomycetemcomitans, F. nucleatum, P. microns, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, P. nigrescens, T. forsythia, T. denticola, and Candida spp. The occurrence of acute complications such as xerostomia and mucositis due to radiotherapy significantly alter the anaerobic microorganisms studied Gram-negative and Candida species, except P. nigrescens and A. actinomyctemcomitans. Regular oral hygiene of patients irradiated contributed to the growth of microorganisms to facilitate microbial adhesion in saliva and mucous. Conclude that the participation of the dentist is essential for chemical control of biofilm, diet, oral hygiene by providing better quality of life of these patients reducing opportunistic infections that arise during radiotherapy
Radiotherapy is one of the most widely used therapies in malignant head and neck can is not associated with other treatment modalities surgery and chemotherapy. However, this therapy can interfere with quality of life of patients and may alter the course of treatment due to side effects such mucositis, xerostomia, dysgeusia, dermatitis, candidiasis. This study aims to evaluate the oral microbiota of patients undergoing radiotherapy for treatment of malignant head and neck. The sample consisted of 51 patients in a private institute of radiotherapy, Sao Jose do Rio Preto-SP. Patients were evaluated three times, before starting radiotherapy, filling the medical records that included socio demographic data, dental and periodontal evaluation, in the second moment evaluated the oral and perioral changes caused by radiotherapy between 15 and 22 days and third time in which these patients were assessed immediately after the completion of therapy. In all these stages the specimens were collected supragingival biofilm, subgingival biofilm, flat mucosa, tongue, and saliva samples, which were detected using PCR. The microorganisms evaluated were A. actinomycetemcomitans, F. nucleatum, P. microns, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, P. nigrescens, T. forsythia, T. denticola, and Candida spp. The occurrence of acute complications such as xerostomia and mucositis due to radiotherapy significantly alter the anaerobic microorganisms studied Gram-negative and Candida species, except P. nigrescens and A. actinomyctemcomitans. Regular oral hygiene of patients irradiated contributed to the growth of microorganisms to facilitate microbial adhesion in saliva and mucous. Conclude that the participation of the dentist is essential for chemical control of biofilm, diet, oral hygiene by providing better quality of life of these patients reducing opportunistic infections that arise during radiotherapy
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Radioterapia, Cabeça - Ferimentos e lesões, Pescoço - Câncer, Cabeça - Câncer, Microbiologia, Boca, Boca - Microbiologia, Estomatite, Neoplasias de cabeça e pescoço, Radiotherapy, Head and neck neoplasms, Microbiology, Mouth, Stomatitis
Como citar
SOUSA, Fátima Regina Nunes de. Influência da radioterapia para tratamento de lesões malignas de cabeça e pescoço sobre a ocorrência de microrganismos bucais. 2010. 83 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, 2010.